Public Policy Update: Issues Involving Movement of Plant Pathogens Discussed at APS Meeting in Anaheim

Jim Steddman

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Public Policy Update: Issues Involving Movement of Plant Pathogens Discussed at APS Meeting in Anaheim

机译：公共政策更新：在阿纳海姆举行的APS会议上讨论的涉及植物病原菌运动的问题

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At the APS Public Policy Board reporting session, Sue Tolin reviewed the permitting process for movement of plant pathogens and new issues that have arisen since September 11, 2001, as well as PPB activities to monitor these issues. The Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act (ABPA) of 2002 established a "select agent" list, required registration of these agents and notification of possession, specified biosafe-ty/containment requirements for "select agents," and created severe penalties for noncompliance. One interpretation of the ABPA was that all select agents would require BL3-Ag containment. Because plant pathogens were not specifically excluded, application of this stringency even to select agents was viewed by APS members as inappropriate and unnecessarily costly. Additional concerns of plant pathologists regarding the select agent rules included unintended negative consequences, such as loss of microbial pathogen collections, fewer repositories of reference cultures, and loss of research programs and historical records. Overall heightened security in nonfederal institutions funded by USDA was recommended by an Office of Inspector General (OIG) audit report issued in September 2003. APHIS, in response to a separate OIG audit of permittingprocesses and in fulfillment of their responsibilities under the 2000 Plant Protection Act, has increased enforcement of labeling of foreign shipments to route through a PPQ inspection station, added a rule that foreign permit material can only be sent to the United States by bonded carriers, and added a signoff by permit recipients for compliance with all permit conditions and responsible safeguard of organisms for the duration of the permit.

机译：在APS公共政策委员会的报告会议上，苏·托林（Sue Tolin）审查了植物病原体的转移许可程序和自2001年9月11日以来出现的新问题，以及PPB监测这些问题的活动。 2002年的《农业生物恐怖主义保护法》（ABPA）建立了“精选代理人”清单，要求对这些代理人进行注册并通知拥有权，对“精选代理人”规定了特定的生物安全性/收容要求，并对违规行为处以严厉处罚。对ABPA的一种解释是，所有选择的药剂都需要BL3-Ag隔离。由于并未明确排除植物病原体，因此APS成员认为将这种严格性甚至用于选择病原菌的做法是不合适的，而且不必要地付出高昂的代价。植物病理学家对选择剂规则的其他担忧包括意想不到的负面后果，例如微生物病原体集合的损失，参考培养物库的减少以及研究计划和历史记录的损失。 2003年9月，美国监察长办公室（OIG）提出了由美国农业部资助的非联邦机构全面提高安全性的建议。APHIS是针对OIG对许可过程的单独审核并履行其根据2000年《植物保护法》所承担的责任，已经加强了对通过PPQ检查站路线的外国货物加标签的法规，增加了一条规则，即外国许可证材料只能由保税承运人发送到美国，并增加了许可证接受者的签字，以符合所有许可证条件，并且在许可证有效期内负责任地保护生物。

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《Phytopathology News》 |2004年第10期|共2页
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Jim Steddman;
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Public Policy Update: Issues Involving Movement of Plant Pathogens Discussed at APS Meeting in Anaheim

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