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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Intermediate herbivory intensity of an aboveground pest promotes soil labile resources and microbial biomass via modifying rice growth
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Intermediate herbivory intensity of an aboveground pest promotes soil labile resources and microbial biomass via modifying rice growth

机译：地上害虫的中等草食强度通过改变水稻的生长来促进土壤不稳定的资源和微生物生物量

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The importance of aboveground herbivores for modifying belowground ecosystems has prompted numerous studies; however, studies can be biased by context dependent conditions which lead to extremely inconsistent results. So far, the impacts of herbivory intensity by important rice pests on rice paddy soil ecosystems are lacking. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that intermediate herbivory intensity of the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens StAyenl) could promote soil labile resources and microbial biomass, while high intensity would show a reverse pattern, by mediating rice plant growth. This study will also help the development of integrative pest management. Four hopper infestation density treatments (0, 4, 8 and 12 nymphs per rice plant) and two infestation duration treatments (9 and 15 days after N. lugens infestation, DAI 9 and DAI 15) were established in a glasshouse experiment. Soil and plant were sampled destructively from four replicates and analysed for soil labile resources availability, soil microbial biomass and plant performance, respectively. The infestation density significantly affected both shoot and root mass of rice (P < 0.05), soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), and the effects were further enhanced by prolonged infestation duration. Compared to the control (CK) without N. lugens, plant dry mass, DOC, DON, MBC and MBN increased under low (LD) and moderate hopper densities (MD) but decreased under high density (HD) on DAI 9. Moreover, the LD treatment exerted the most promotional effects on DAI 15. Rice root to shoot ratio generally increased in treatments subjected to herbivory. The labile resources and microbial biomass showed close relationships with both shoot and root mass across treatments, in particular with root mass on DAI 15. Such a trend indicated that the shift of photosynthate allocation to belowground contributed to changes of soil resource availability and microbial biomass. Intermediate herbivory intensity showed positive effects on rice seedling performance and, further, promoted soil labile resource availability and microbial biomass. The importance of extrapolating temporal and spatial scale, i.e. from the short-term greenhouse experiment to an entire rice growing season in the field, was highlighted.
机译：地上食草动物对改变地下生态系统的重要性促使了许多研究。但是，研究可能会因上下文相关条件而产生偏差，从而导致结果极为不一致。迄今为止，尚缺乏重要害虫引起的草食强度对稻田土壤生态系统的影响。这项研究的目的是检验以下假设：褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens StAyenl）的中等草食强度可以促进土壤不稳定的资源和微生物生物量，而高强度则通过介导水稻植物的生长表现出相反的模式。这项研究还将有助于病虫害综合治理的发展。在温室试验中，建立了四种漏斗密度处理（每株稻分别为0、4、8和12仙女）和两种侵染持续时间的处理（分别为N. lugens侵染后9和15天，DAI 9和DAI 15）。从四个重复样本中对土壤和植物进行破坏性采样，然后分别分析土壤不稳定资源的可利用性，土壤微生物生物量和植物性能。侵染密度显着影响水稻的地上部和根部质量（P <0.05），土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）和氮（DON）以及微生物生物量碳（MBC）和氮（MBN），并且影响进一步增强。通过延长感染持续时间。与没有褐飞虱的对照（CK）相比，DAI 9在低（LD）和中等料斗密度（MD）下植物干质量，DOC，DON，MBC和MBN增加，而在高密度（HD）下则下降。 LD处理对DAI 15的促进作用最大。在食草处理中，水稻根冠比通常增加。在处理过程中，不稳定的资源和微生物生物量与枝条和根系质量都密切相关，特别是与DAI 15上的根系质量密切相关。这种趋势表明光合产物分配向地下的转移有助于土壤资源有效性和微生物量的变化。中等食草强度对水稻幼苗的生长表现出积极的影响，并且进一步促进了土壤不稳定资源的可利用性和微生物量。强调了推断时间和空间规模的重要性，即从短期温室试验到田间整个水稻生长期的推断。

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