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The potential of NIR spectroscopy to predict nitrogen mineralization in rice soils

机译：近红外光谱技术预测水稻土中氮矿化的潜力

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Prediction of nitrogen (N) mineralization is important for specifying the optimum rate of N fertilizer for flooded rice at the time of sowing. To develop a predictive test, soils (0-0.1 m) were sampled from 22 farms throughout the rice-growing region of southern Australia over a 4-year period. Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectra of the soils were compared with sixteen biological and chemical soil tests for the prediction of N-uptake by rice plants from these soils in the field and glasshouse. The aim of the study was to develop a soil-NIR calibration as an accurate, rapid and economical mineralization test. Nitrogen uptake by field-grown and glasshouse-grown plants was poorly correlated (r = 0.30), even though significant NIR calibrations were developed with both. Since N uptake by rice in the field was affected by varying weather and management, the field calibration is probably spurious. The calibration of soil NIR spectra with N uptake by glasshouse plants was satisfactory, with a standard error (SE) of 13 kg ha(-1) over a range of 11 - 95 kg ha(-1), and a correlation between calculated and measured N uptake (r = 0.87, P<0 001). An even better soil-NIR calibration was found with N-mineralization after 21 days of anaerobic incubation (SE 16 mg kg(-1), range 52-175 mg kg(-1)). Analysis of the soil spectra showed that similar wavelengths were correlated with both plant-N uptake and mineralization. NIR spectroscopy shows considerable potential to predict soil N mineralization, and may assist future fertiliser decision support.
机译：氮（N）矿化的预测对于指定播种时淹水水稻的最佳氮肥用量非常重要。为了进行预测性测试，在4年的时间里，从澳大利亚南部水稻种植区的22个农场取样了土壤（0-0.1 m）。将土壤的近红外反射（NIR）光谱与16种生物和化学土壤试验进行了比较，以预测稻田和温室中水稻从这些土壤吸收的氮。该研究的目的是开发一种土壤近红外光谱仪校准，作为一种准确，快速且经济的矿化测试。田间生长和温室生长的植物对氮的吸收相关性很弱（r = 0.30），尽管两者都开发了显着的NIR校准方法。由于田间水稻对氮的吸收受到天气和管理方式变化的影响，田间校准可能是虚假的。温室植物对N吸收的土壤NIR光谱的校准令人满意，在11-95 kg ha（-1）范围内的标准误差（SE）为13 kg ha（-1），并且计算值与测量的氮吸收（r = 0.87，P <0 001）。在厌氧培养21天后（SE 16 mg kg（-1），范围52-175 mg kg（-1）），通过N矿化发现了更好的土壤NIR校准。对土壤光谱的分析表明，相似的波长与植物氮的吸收和矿化有关。近红外光谱显示出预测土壤氮矿化的巨大潜力，并可为将来的肥料决策提供支持。

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