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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON RICE GROWTH IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION AND IN ACID SULPHATE SOILS FROM VIETNAM
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EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON RICE GROWTH IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION AND IN ACID SULPHATE SOILS FROM VIETNAM

机译：温度对越南养分溶液和酸性硫酸盐土壤中水稻生长的影响

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摘要

Climatic and soil factors are limiting rice growth in many countries. In Vietnam, a steep gradient of temperature is observed from the North to the South, and acid sulphate soils are frequently devoted to rice production. We have therefore attempted to understand how temperature affects rice growth in these problem soils, by comparison with rice grown in nutrient solution. Two varieties of rice, IR64 and X2, were cultivated in phytotrons at 19/21 degrees C and 28/32 degrees C (dayight) for 56 days, after 3 weeks preculture in optimal conditions. Two soils from the Mekong Delta were tested. Parallel with the growing experiments, these two soils were incubated in order to monitor redox potential (Eh), PH, soluble Al and Fe, soluble, and available P. Tillering retardation at 20 degrees C compared to 30 degrees C was similar in nutrient solutions and in soils. The effect of temperature on increasing plant biomass was more marked in solutions than in soils. The P concentrations in roots and shoots were higher at 20 degrees C than at 30 degrees C, to such an extent that detrimental effect was suspected in plants grown in solution at the lowest temperature. The translocation of Fe from roots to shoots was stimulated upon rising temperature, both in solutions and in soils. This led to plant death on the most acid soil at 30 degrees C. Indeed, the accumulation of Fe in plants grown on soils was enhanced by the release of Fe2+ due to reduction of Fe(III)-oxihydroxides. Severe reducing conditions were created at 30 degrees C: redox potential (Eh) dropped rapidly down to about 0 V. At 20 degrees C, E(h) did not drop below about 0.2 V, which is a value well in the range of Fe(III)/Fe(II) buffering. Parallel to Eh drop, PH increased up to about 6-6.5 at 30 degrees C, which prevented plants from Al toxicity, even in the most acid soil. Phosphate behavior was obviously related to Fe-dynamics: more reducing conditions at 30 degrees C have resulted in enhancement of available P, especially in the most acid soil.
机译：气候和土壤因素正在限制许多国家的水稻生长。在越南，从北方到南方观察到陡峭的温度梯度，酸性硫酸盐土壤经常用于水稻生产。因此，我们试图通过与营养液中种植的水稻进行比较，来了解温度如何影响这些问题土壤中的水稻生长。在最佳条件下进行3周预培养后，将两种水稻IR64和X2分别在19/21摄氏度和28/32摄氏度（日/夜）的光电子加速器中种植56天。测试了来自湄公河三角洲的两种土壤。在生长实验的同时，将这两种土壤温育以监测氧化还原电势（Eh），PH，可溶性Al和Fe，可溶性和可用P。营养液中20℃与30℃下的分iller延迟相似在土壤中温度对增加植物生物量的影响在溶液中比在土壤中更为明显。根和芽中的P浓度在20°C时高于30°C，以致怀疑在最低温度下在溶液中生长的植物中会产生有害作用。在溶液和土壤中，温度升高都会刺激铁从根到芽的迁移。这导致了在30摄氏度最酸性土壤上的植物死亡。实际上，由于Fe（III）-羟基氧化物的还原，Fe2 +的释放增强了Fe在土壤中生长的植物中的积累。在30摄氏度时产生了严重的还原条件：氧化还原电势（Eh）迅速降至约0V。在20摄氏度时，E（h）并未降至约0.2 V以下，这在Fe范围内是一个很好的值（III）/ Fe（II）缓冲。与Eh下降平行，PH在30摄氏度时增加至约6-6.5，即使在最酸性的土壤中，也可以防止植物受到铝的毒害。磷酸盐的行为显然与铁的动力学有关：在30摄氏度下更多的还原条件导致有效磷的增加，尤其是在最酸性的土壤中。

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