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首页> 外文期刊>Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors: A Journal Devoted to Obsevational and Experimerntal Studies of the Chemistry and Physics of Planetary Interiors and Their Theoretical Interpretation >Temperature-dependent viscoelastic modeling of ground deformation: Application to Etna volcano during the 1993-1997 inflation period
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Temperature-dependent viscoelastic modeling of ground deformation: Application to Etna volcano during the 1993-1997 inflation period

机译：温度相关的地面变形粘弹性模型：在1993-1997年通胀期间在埃特纳火山中的应用

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We Used the Finite Element Method (FEM) for modeling time-dependent ground deformation due to volcanic pressure sources embedded in a viscoelastic medium. Especially in volcanic areas, the presence of heterogeneous materials and high temperatures produce a lower effective viscosity of the Earth's Crust that calls for considering the thermal regime of crustal volume surrounding the magmatic sources. We propose a thermo-mechanical numerical model for evaluating the temperature dependency of the viscoelastic Solution. Both temperature distributions and ground deformation are evaluated by solving an axi-symmetric problem to estimate the effects of thermo-viscoelastic response of the medium. The thermo-mechanical model permits to evidence that viscoelastic relaxation is responsible for significant time-dependent Variations in long-term deformation. These effects may be relevant for the interpretation and quantitative assessments of the pressure changes within magmatic sources. With this in mind, we reviewed the ground deformation observed on Etna Volcano during the 1993-1997 inflation period by setting Lip a fully 3D temperature-dependent viscoelastic model. Since 1993 different geodetic measurements (EDM, GPS, SAR and leveling data) identified an inflationary phase characterized by a uniform and continuous expansion of the overall volcano edifice that was not perturbed by eruptive activity. The numerical model, including significant viscoelastic material and reduced crustal rigidity around the magmatic source, enables to produce deformation comparable with those obtained from elastic model, requiring a significantly lower pressure. For a purely elastic model with the same geometry and rigidity the pressure change necessary to describe the 1993 through 1997 inflation is around 320MPa, whereas for the viscoelastic model a pressure increase of about 200 MPa is required.
机译：我们使用有限元方法（FEM）对由于粘弹性介质中嵌入的火山压力源而引起的随时间变化的地面变形进行建模。特别是在火山地区，异质材料的存在和高温会使地壳的有效粘度降低，这需要考虑岩浆源周围地壳体积的热态。我们提出了一个热力学数值模型来评估粘弹性溶液的温度依赖性。通过解决轴对称问题来评估温度分布和地面变形，以估算介质的热粘弹性响应的影响。热力学模型可以证明，粘弹性松弛是长期变形中明显的时间相关变化的原因。这些影响可能与岩浆源内压力变化的解释和定量评估有关。考虑到这一点，我们通过将Lip设置为完全依赖温度的3D粘弹性模型，回顾了1993-1997年通胀期间在Etna火山上观察到的地面变形。自1993年以来，不同的大地测量（EDM，GPS，SAR和水准数据）确定了一个膨胀期，其特征是整个火山大厦均匀且连续地扩张，不受喷发活动的干扰。包括大量粘弹性材料和岩浆源周围地壳刚度降低的数值模型能够产生与从弹性模型获得的变形相当的变形，所需的压力要低得多。对于具有相同几何形状和刚度的纯弹性模型，描述1993年至1997年的通货膨胀所需的压力变化约为320MPa，而对于粘弹性模型，则需要增加200 MPa的压力。

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