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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Cell Reports >Embryo and endosperm development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) kernels subjected to drought stress.
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Embryo and endosperm development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) kernels subjected to drought stress.

机译：干旱胁迫下小麦（ Triticum aestivum L。）籽粒的胚和胚乳发育。

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摘要

The aim of the present work was to reveal the histological alterations triggered in developing wheat kernels by soil drought stress during early seed development resulting in yield losses at harvest. For this purpose, observations were made on the effect of drought stress, applied in a controlled environment from the 5th to the 9th day after pollination, on the kernel morphology, starch content and grain yield of the drought-sensitive Cappelle Desprez and drought-tolerant Plainsman V winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. As a consequence of water withdrawal, there was a decrease in the size of the embryos and the number of A-type starch granules deposited in the endosperm, while the development of aleurone cells and the degradation of the cell layers surrounding the ovule were significantly accelerated in both genotypes. In addition, the number of B-type starch granules per cell was significantly reduced. Drought stress affected the rate of grain filling shortened the grain-filling and ripening period and severely reduced the yield. With respect to the recovery of vegetative tissues, seed set and yield, the drought-tolerant Plainsman V responded significantly better to drought stress than Cappelle Desprez. The reduction in the size of the mature embryos was significantly greater in the sensitive genotype. Compared to Plainsman V, the endosperm cells of Cappelle Desprez accumulated significantly fewer B-type starch granules. In stressed kernels of the tolerant genotype, the accumulation of protein bodies occurred significantly earlier than in the sensitive variety.
机译：本工作的目的是揭示在种子早期发育过程中土壤干旱胁迫在发育中的小麦籽粒中触发的组织学变化，导致收获时产量下降。为此，观察了在授粉后第5天到第9天在受控环境中施加的干旱胁迫对干旱敏感性Cappelle Desprez和耐旱作物的籽粒形态，淀粉含量和籽粒产量的影响。 Plainsman V冬小麦（ Triticum aestivum L.）品种。抽水的结果是胚的大小减少了，并且胚乳中沉积的A型淀粉颗粒的数量减少了，而糊粉细胞的发育和胚珠周围的细胞层的降解明显加快了。在两种基因型中。另外，每个细胞的B型淀粉颗粒的数量显着减少。干旱胁迫影响了籽粒的灌浆速率，缩短了籽粒的灌浆成熟期，严重降低了单产。关于营养组织，种子结实和产量的恢复，耐旱的Plainsman V对干旱胁迫的反应明显优于Cappelle Desprez。在敏感基因型中，成熟胚大小的减少明显更大。与Plainsman V相比，Cappelle Desprez的胚乳细胞积累的B型淀粉颗粒少得多。在耐性基因型的胁迫籽粒中，蛋白质体的积累明显早于敏感品种中的积累。

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