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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Disease >Mowing Frequency and Plant Growth Regulator Effects on Dollar Spot Severity and on Duration of Dollar Spot Control by Fungicides
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Mowing Frequency and Plant Growth Regulator Effects on Dollar Spot Severity and on Duration of Dollar Spot Control by Fungicides

机译：割草频率和植物生长调节剂对美元斑点强度和杀真菌剂控制美元斑点持续时间的影响

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Putman, A. I., and Kaminski, J. E. 2011. Mowing frequency and plant growth regulator effects on dollar spot severity and on duration of dollar spot control by fungicides. Plant Dis. 95:1433-1442.Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of mowing frequency and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on dollar spot severity and on the residual efficacy of fungicides for control of dollar spot. Two 4-month-long studies were conducted on 'Putter' creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) maintained as a fairway at the University of Connecticut. Treatments were arranged in a three-by-three-by-five factorial that assessed the influence of mowing frequency (2, 4, or 6 days week(-1)) and PGRs (paclobutrazol, trinexapac-ethyl, or none) on dollar spot control by five fungicide treatments (boscalid, chlorothalonil, iprodione, propiconazole, or none). Turf was mowed in the afternoon hours to minimize the confounding effect of mowing frequency on leaf wetness duration. Treatments were initiated in the late spring of 2007 and 2008, and each fungicide treatment was reapplied only when dollar spot exceeded a threshold of five infection centers plot(-1). In the absence of fungicides, dollar spot severity was reduced by 63 to 90% in plots treated with paclobutrazol and by 13 to 55% in plots treated with trinexapac-ethyl. Dollar spot severity was 23 to 50% lower in plots mown 2 days week(-1) compared with those mown 6 days week(-1). In cases where a significant interaction was observed between mowing frequency and PGRs, dollar spot was reduced on most rating dates in plots treated with trinexapacethyl that were mown 2 days week(-1) compared with those mown 6 days week(-1). Survival analysis of days until threshold was met revealed that duration of control of fungicides in plots receiving paclobutrazol were 28 to 84% longer compared with plots not receiving PGR. Duration of control by fungicides was generally similar between plots treated with trinexapac-ethyl and no PGR. In general, mowing frequency did not influence duration of control. Results from this study indicate that paclobutrazol could be used to increase the treatment interval of fungicides and that mowing frequency in the absence of dew is likely to have little influence on fungicide residual efficacy. When used without fungicides, PGRs and less frequent mowing may reduce dollar spot in situations where fungicide use is limited.
机译：Putman，A. I.和Kaminski，J. E.2011。割草频率和植物生长调节剂对美元现货严重性和杀真菌剂对美元现货控制时间的影响。植物病95：1433-1442。在高尔夫球场球道上管理美元斑点（由高核小球菌引起）的挑战越来越大。这项研究的目的是确定割草频率和植物生长调节剂（PGR）对美元价位严重程度的影响以及对控制美元价位的杀菌剂的残留功效。两项为期4个月的研究是在康涅狄格大学保留为球道的“推杆” creep草（Agrostis stolonifera）上进行的。按三乘三乘五乘的因子分解法安排了治疗，评估了割草频率（每周第2、4、6天（-1））和PGR（对乙酰丁酸，三苯氧胺或无）的影响通过五种杀菌剂处理（boscalid，百菌清，异丙隆，丙环唑或无）控制斑点。在下午数小时修剪草坪，以最大程度减少割草频率对叶片湿润持续时间的混杂影响。治疗始于2007年春末和2008年春，只有当美元现货价格超过五个感染中心地块的阈值时，才重新采用每种杀真菌剂（-1）。在没有杀真菌剂的情况下，用多效唑处理的地块的美元现货严重度降低了63％至90％，而用抗倒酯处理的地块的美元现货严重度降低了13％至55％。与第6天（-1）相比，每周两天（-1）割出的地块的美元即期严重性降低了23％至50％。在割草频率与PGR之间观察到显着的相互作用的情况下，在用特力克pacpethyl处理的，每周割割2天（-1）的田地中，在大多数评级日期，美元斑点减少了，而每周割割6天的-1（-1）。直至达到阈值的天数的生存分析表明，与未接受PGR的地块相比，接受多效唑的地块中杀菌剂的控制时间长了28％至84％。在用抗倒酯处理的地块和未使用PGR的地块之间，杀菌剂控制的时间通常大致相同。通常，割草频率不影响控制时间。这项研究的结果表明，多效唑可用于延长杀菌剂的治疗间隔，并且在不存在露水的情况下割草频率对杀菌剂残留功效的影响很小。如果不使用杀菌剂，则在限制杀菌剂使用的情况下，PGRs和较不频繁的割草可能会减少美元现货。

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