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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Disease >Systemic infection by Fusarium verticillioides in maize plants grown under three temperature regimes.
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Systemic infection by Fusarium verticillioides in maize plants grown under three temperature regimes.

机译：三种温度下生长的玉米植株的小穗镰孢（Fusarium v​​erticillioides）的全身感染。

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Fusarium verticillioides causes seedling decay, stalk rot, ear rot, and mycotoxin contamination (primarily fumonisins) in maize. Systemic infection of maize plants by F. verticillioides can lead to kernel infection, but the frequency of this phenomenon has varied widely among experiments. Variation in the incidence of systemic infection has been attributed to environmental factors. In order to better understand the influence of environment, we investigated the effect of temperature on systemic development of F. verticillioides during vegetative and reproductive stages of plant development. Maize seeds were inoculated with a green fluorescent protein-expressing strain of F. verticillioides, and grown in growth chambers under three different temperature regimes. In the vegetative-stage and reproductive-stage experiments, plants were evaluated at tasseling (VT stage), and at physiological maturity (R6 stage), respectively. Independently of the temperature treatment, F. verticillioides was reisolated from nearly 100% of belowground plant tissues. Frequency of reisolation of the inoculated strain declined acropetally in aboveground internodes at all temperature regimes. At VT, the high-temperature treatment had the highest systemic development of F. verticillioides in aboveground tissues. At R6, incidence of systemic infection was greater at both the high- and low-temperature regimes than at the average-temperature regime. F. verticillioides was isolated from higher internodes in plants at R6, compared to stage VT. The seed-inoculated strain was recovered from kernels of mature plants, although incidence of kernel infection did not differ significantly among treatments. During the vegetative growth stages, temperature had a significant effect on systemic development of F. verticillioides in stalks. At R6, the fungus reached higher internodes in the high-temperature treatment, but temperature did not have an effect on the incidence of kernels (either symptomatic or asymptomatic) or ear peduncles infected with the inoculated strain. These results support the role of high temperatures in promoting systemic infection of maize by F. verticillioides, but plant-to-seed transmission may be limited by other environmental factors that interact with temperature during the reproductive stages.
机译：黄萎病菌会导致玉米幼苗腐烂，茎杆腐烂，穗腐烂和霉菌毒素污染（主要是伏马菌素）。 F对玉米植物的全身感染。黄体素可以导致内核感染，但是这种现象的发生频率在实验之间差异很大。全身感染发生率的变化已归因于环境因素。为了更好地了解环境的影响，我们研究了温度对iF系统发育的影响。植物生长的营养和生殖阶段都出现了网状淀粉样。用表达绿色荧光蛋白的iF菌株接种玉米种子。拟南芥，并在三种不同温度下在生长室中生长。在营养期和生殖期实验中，分别在抽雄期（VT期）和生理成熟期（R6期）对植物进行了评估。与温度无关，F。从地下植物组织的近100％中重新分离出了丝虫。在所有温度条件下，地上节间的接种菌株再分离频率均呈下降趋势。在VT，高温处理的全身发育最高。地上组织中的类黄质。在R6，在高温和低温条件下的全身感染发生率均高于在平均温度条件下。 F。与VT阶段相比，在R6的较高节间分离到了丝状类维生素。种子接种的菌株是从成熟植物的籽粒中回收的，尽管籽粒感染的发生率在处理之间没有显着差异。在营养生长阶段，温度对 F的系统发育有重要影响。茎中有丝状虫。在R6处，在高温处理下，真菌到达了更高的节间，但温度对感染了该菌株的果仁（有症状或无症状）或耳柄的发生率没有影响。这些结果支持了高温在促进玉米系统性感染中的作用。轮虫，但植物到种子的传播可能受到在繁殖阶段与温度相互作用的其他环境因素的限制。

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