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Keeping the options open: concept improvements and stellarator physics

机译：保持选择开放：概念改进和恒星物理

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摘要

The roadmap to a feasible fusion reactor based on the tokamak line is already established. However, options for further improvement are very desirable in order to be ready to meet the future requirements of the energy market. In this respect, stellarators have a significant role to play as candidates for steady state operation reactors. Like tokamaks, stellarators are toroidal confining devices but they show two fundamental differences: the fact that the confining magnetic field is generated by external coils; and the lack of toroidal symmetry. The history of tokamaks shows that from the original concept, solutions have converged into a given range of configurations, and, in fact, all large tokamak are relatively similar. On the other hand most of the stellarators are apparently very different (coil structure, plasma shape, size,...). The advantage of the higher dimensionality of stellarators has been perceived as a shortcoming, but recent developments, both theoretical and computational, have permitted us to develop improved concepts and design new stellarators with outstanding physics properties. Moreover, most of the devices presently under construction are stellarators. This work is devoted to discuss, firstly, the present role of stellarators in the understanding of basic physical processes in fusion devices, secondly the role of future devices, based on different concept improvements, which will significantly expand the stellarator plasma parameter range, and finally, the potential of the concept as a fusion reactor.
机译：基于托卡马克线的可行聚变反应堆路线图已经建立。然而，为了准备好满足能源市场的未来需求，非常需要进一步改进的选择。在这方面，作为稳定运行反应堆的候选者，恒星器扮演着重要的角色。与托卡马克一样，恒星器是环形约束装置，但它们显示出两个基本区别：约束磁场是由外部线圈产生的事实。并且缺乏环形对称性。托卡马克的历史表明，从最初的概念开始，解决方案已经融合到给定的配置范围内，实际上，所有大型托卡马克都相对相似。另一方面，大多数恒星器显然有很大不同（线圈结构，等离子体形状，大小等）。立体器尺寸较高的优点被认为是一个缺点，但是理论和计算方面的最新发展使我们能够开发出改进的概念并设计具有出色物理性能的新型立体器。此外，目前正在构造的大多数设备都是恒星器。这项工作致力于讨论，首先，恒星器在了解聚变设备基本物理过程中的作用，其次，基于不同的概念改进，未来设备的作用将极大地扩展恒星器的血浆参数范围，最后，该概念作为核聚变反应堆的潜力。

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