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Plasma-wall interaction in laser inertial fusion reactors: Novel proposals for radiation tests of first wall materials

机译：激光惯性聚变反应堆中的等离子体-壁相互作用：第一壁材料辐射测试的新建议

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摘要

Dry-wall laser inertial fusion (LIF) chambers will have to withstand strong bursts of fast charged particles which will deposit tens of kJ m~(-2) and implant more than 10~(18) particles m~(-2) in a few microseconds at a repetition rate of some Hz. Large chamber dimensions and resistant plasma-facing materials must be combined to guarantee the chamber performance as long as possible under the expected threats: heating, fatigue, cracking, formation of defects, retention of light species, swelling and erosion. Current and novel radiation resistant materials for the first wall need to be validated under realistic conditions. However, at present there is a lack of facilities which can reproduce such ion environments. This contribution proposes the use of ultra-intense lasers and high-intense pulsed ion beams (HIPIB) to recreate the plasma conditions in LIF reactors. By target normal sheath acceleration, ultra-intense lasers can generate very short and energetic ion pulses with a spectral distribution similar to that of the inertial fusion ion bursts, suitable to validate fusion materials and to investigate the barely known propagation of those bursts through background plasmas/gases present in the reactor chamber. HIPIB technologies, initially developed for inertial fusion driver systems, provide huge intensity pulses which meet the irradiation conditions expected in the first wall of LIF chambers and thus can be used for the validation of materials too.
机译：干壁激光惯性聚变（LIF）腔室必须承受强烈的快速带电粒子爆发，这将沉积数十kJ m〜（-2）并将超过10〜（18）个粒子m〜（-2）植入一个几赫兹，重复频率为几赫兹。必须将大尺寸的腔室和面向等离子体的抗腐蚀材料结合起来，以在预期的威胁下尽可能长地保证腔室的性能：加热，疲劳，破裂，形成缺陷，保留轻质物质，溶胀和腐蚀。第一壁的最新抗辐射材料需要在实际条件下进行验证。但是，目前缺乏能够再现这种离子环境的设备。该文稿建议使用超高强度激光和高强度脉冲离子束（HIPIB）来重建LIF反应堆中的等离子体条件。通过目标正常的鞘层加速度，超高强度激光可以产生非常短的高能离子脉冲，其光谱分布与惯性聚变离子脉冲相似，适用于验证聚变材料并研究那些脉冲在背景等离子体中鲜为人知的传播。 /反应器室内存在的气体。 HIPIB技术最初是为惯性聚变驱动器系统开发的，可提供满足LIF腔室第一壁预期的辐照条件的巨大强度脉冲，因此也可用于材料验证。

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