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JET (He-3)-D scenarios relying on RF heating: survey of selected recent experiments

机译：依赖RF加热的JET（He-3）-D场景：对近期选定实验的调查

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Recent JET experiments have been devoted to the study of (He-3)-D plasmas involving radio frequency (RF) heating. This paper starts by discussing the RF heating efficiency theoretically expected in such plasmas, covering both relevant aspects of wave and of particle dynamics. Then it gives a concise summary of the main conclusions drawn from recent experiments that were either focusing on studying RF heating physics aspects or that were adopting RF heating as a tool to study plasma behavior. Depending on the minority concentration chosen, different physical phenomena are observed. At very low concentration (X[He-3] < 1%), energetic tails are formed which trigger MHD activity and result in loss of fast particles. Alfven cascades were observed and gamma ray tomography indirectly shows the impact of sawtooth crashes on the fast particle orbits. Low concentration (X[He-3] < 10%) favors minority heating while for X[He-3] 10% electron mode conversion damping becomes dominant. Evidence for the Fuchs et al standing wave effect (Fuchs et al 1995 Phys. Plasmas 2 1637-47) on the absorption is presented. RF induced deuterium tails were observed in mode conversion experiments with large X[He-3] (approximate to 18%). As tentative modeling shows, the formation of these tails can be explained as a consequence of wave power absorption by neutral beam particles that efficiently interact with the waves well away from the cold D cyclotron resonance position as a result of their substantial Doppler shift. As both ion and electron RF power deposition profiles in (He-3)-D plasmas are fairly narrow-giving rise to localized heat sources-the RF heating method is an ideal tool for performing transport studies. Various of the experiments discussed here were done in plasmas with internal transport barriers (ITBs). ITBs are identified as regions with locally reduced diffusivity, where poloidal spinning up of the plasma is observed. The present know-how on the role of RF heating for impurity transport is also briefly summarized.
机译：最近的JET实验已致力于研究涉及射频（RF）加热的（He-3）-D等离子体。本文首先讨论理论上期望在此类等离子体中实现的RF加热效率，涵盖波和粒子动力学的相关方面。然后，它简要总结了最近的实验得出的主要结论，这些实验要么专注于研究RF加热物理方面，要么采用RF加热作为研究等离子体行为的工具。根据所选的少数浓度，观察到不同的物理现象。在非常低的浓度（X [He-3] <1％）下，会形成高能尾巴，这些尾巴会触发MHD活性并导致快速颗粒的损失。观察到Alfven级联，并且γ射线断层扫描间接显示了锯齿碰撞对快速粒子轨道的影响。低浓度（X [He-3] <10％）有利于少数族裔加热，而X [He-3] 10％则电子模式转换阻尼占主导地位。提出了Fuchs等人的驻波效应（Fuchs等人1995 Phys。Plasmas 2 1637-47）对吸收的证据。在大X [He-3]（约18％）的模式转换实验中观察到RF诱导的氘尾。如初步模型所示，这些尾部的形成可以解释为中性束粒子吸收波功率的结果，这些中性束粒子由于其实质的多普勒频移而与远离冷D回旋加速器共振位置的波有效地相互作用。由于（He-3）-D等离子体中的离子和电子RF功率沉积曲线都非常狭窄，导致局部热源上升，因此RF加热方法是进行传输研究的理想工具。这里讨论的各种实验都是在具有内部传输壁垒（ITB）的等离子体中完成的。 ITB被确定为扩散率局部降低的区域，在该区域可观察到等离子体的极向旋转。还简要总结了有关射频加热在杂质传输中的作用的现有知识。

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