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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Pathology >Effectiveness of Coniothyrium minitans and Trichoderma atroviride in suppression of sclerotinia blossom blight of alfalfa
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Effectiveness of Coniothyrium minitans and Trichoderma atroviride in suppression of sclerotinia blossom blight of alfalfa

机译：Coniothyrium minitans和Trichoderma atroviride抑制苜蓿菌核病的功效

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The effects of the mycoparasites Coniothyrium minitans and Trichoderma atroviride on the suppression of alfalfa blossom blight caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were evaluated under indoor and field conditions.When T.atroviride(9 centre dot 0 X 10~4 conidia/floret)+S.sclerotiorum(6 centre dot 0 X 10~3 ascospores/floret)or C.minitans(9 centre dot 0 X 10~4 conidia/floret)+S.sclerotiorum(6 centre dot 0 X 10~3 ascospores/floret)were applied to detached young alfalfa florets,T.atroviride effectively inhibited saprophytic growth of S.sclerotiorum,whereas C.minitans showed no inhibition under the same conditions.When 1 atroviride(6 centre dot 9 X 10~4 conidia/floret)+S.sclerotiorum(6 centre dot 0 X 10~3 ascospores/floret)or C.minitans(6 centre dot 9 X 10~4 conidia/floret)+S.sclerotiorum(6 centre dot 0 X 10~3 ascospores/floret)was applied to young alfalfa petals in vivo just after pollination,the percentage of pod formation was higher for T.atroviride+S.sclerotiorum than that for C.minitans+S.sclerotiorum,and the percentage of pod rot was lower for T.atroviride+S.sclerotiorum than that for C.minitans+S.sclerotiorum.However,when they were applied to senescent petals attached to developing pods of alfalfa at 9 centre dot 2 X 10~4 conidia/floret together with S.sclerotiorum at 4 centre dot 5 X 10~3 ascospores/floret at 14 days after pollination,C.minitans was more effective than T.atroviride in suppressing sclerotinia pod rot and seed rot of alfalfa.Field experiments showed that three applications of C.minitans(5 centre dot 4 X 10~6 conidia mL~(-1))or T.atroviride(5 centre dot 4 X 10~6 conidia mL~(-1))at a 7-day interval to blossoms of alfalfa effectively suppressed sclerotinia pod rot in two out of three annual trials.Coniothyrium minitans effectively suppressed sclerotinia seed rot in all three years,whereas T.atroviride was not effective against seed rot in any of the trial years.The efficacy of C.minitans was not significantly different(P > 0 centre dot 05)from benomyl(250 mug ai mL~(-1)).This study suggests that C.minitans has potential as a biocontrol agent to control blossom blight of alfalfa caused by S.sclerotiorum.
机译：在室内和田间条件下，评价了鼠伤寒小锥虫和微小木霉菌对阿特罗韦霉菌的抑制作用，以抑制铁核小核盘菌引起的苜蓿开花枯萎病。当阿特罗韦肽（9个中心点0 X 10〜4分生孢子/小花）+ S.sclerotiorum （6个中心点0 X 10〜3个子孢子/小花）或C.minitans（9个中心点0 X 10〜4个分生孢子/小花）+ S.rotoriorum（6个中心点0 X 10〜3个子孢子/小花）分离的年轻苜蓿小花，阿曲美奈德有效地抑制了链球菌的腐生性生长，而C.minitans在相同条件下没有抑制作用。当1阿曲美奈德（6个中心点9 X 10〜4分生孢子/小花）+ S.sclerotiorum（ 6个中心点0 X 10〜3个子孢子/小花）或C.minitans（6个中心点9 X 10〜4个子孢子/小花）+菌核（6个中心点0 X 10〜3个子孢子/小花）苜蓿花瓣在刚授粉后体内，荚果形成的百分数比阿米巴单胞菌+ S高。曲霉菌和荚膜腐烂菌的荚果腐烂率比小曲霉+菌核腐烂的荚果腐烂的百分比低。但是，当将它们施用到附着在苜蓿发育中的荚果的衰老花瓣上时，中心点2 X 10〜4分生孢子/小花和核盘菌在4个中心点5 X 10〜3孢子/小花在授粉后14天，C.minitans比T. atroviride更能抑制苜蓿的菌核荚膜腐烂和种子腐烂。田间试验表明，C.minitans（5个中心点4 X 10〜6分生孢子mL〜（-1））或T. atroviride（5个中心点4 X 10〜6分生孢子mL〜（-1））的三个应用在三项年度试验中，有两次间隔7天的紫花苜蓿开花有效地抑制了菌核荚果腐烂。小锥虫（Coniothyrium minitans）在所有三年中都有效地抑制了菌核菌的种子腐烂，而在任何试验年份中，阿托韦罗德韦德（T.atroviride）对种子腐烂均无效。 。C.minitans的功效与苯菌灵（25）无显着差异（P> 0中心点05） 0杯ai mL〜（-1））。这项研究表明，小花念珠菌具有作为生物防治剂来控制由核盘菌引起的苜蓿开花枯萎病的潜力。

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