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Flammability properties of intumescent PLA including starch and lignin

机译：淀粉和木质素等膨胀型PLA的易燃性

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摘要

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of different intumescent formulations to flame retard polylactic acid (PLA). First, the ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/pentaerythritol (PER) system is chosen because it previously demonstrated a good behavior for polyethylenic matrices. The PER is then substituted by bioresources such as lignin and starch. The flame retardant properties of the various formulations are evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, and cone calorimetry. Compared to the PLA/APP/PER composite, the materials containing lignin and starch show lower LOI values but still commercially acceptable (superior to 32%). In contrast, the UL ratings obtained for these formulations are superior to that containing PER (V0 against V2 rating). The cone calorimeter analysis confirms the formation of an intumescent structure for the "green" composites, with a final residue corresponding to 50% of the initial sample mass and also a decrease in the peak of heat release of 50%. Finally, the composition of the formulation is optimized following a mixture design methodology to maximize the quantity of bioresources. A 32% LOI value is obtained for a composite containing 60% PLA, 12% APP, and 28% starch.
机译：这项研究的目的是评估不同膨胀型配方对阻燃聚乳酸（PLA）的效率。首先，选择聚磷酸铵（APP）/季戊四醇（PER）系统，因为该系统先前已证明对聚乙烯基具有良好的性能。然后，PER被生物资源（如木质素和淀粉）取代。通过限制氧指数（LOI），UL-94和锥形量热法评估了各种配方的阻燃性能。与PLA / APP / PER复合材料相比，含有木质素和淀粉的材料显示出较低的LOI值，但仍是商业上可接受的（优于32％）。相反，这些配方获得的UL等级优于包含PE​​R的等级（V0对V2等级）。锥形量热仪分析证实了“绿色”复合材料的膨胀结构的形成，最终残留物相当于初始样品质量的50％，并且放热峰降低了50％。最后，按照混合物设计方法优化制剂的组成，以最大程度地利用生物资源。对于包含60％PLA，12％APP和28％淀粉的复合材料，LOI值达到32％。

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