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State requirements for physician emergency medical services providers.

机译：国家对医师急诊医疗服务提供者的要求。

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OBJECTIVE: To describe requirements of physicians wishing to function as primary field emergency medical services (EMS) providers and variation of these requirements among states. METHODS: A simple mailed survey was developed and distributed to all 50 U.S. state EMS directors. The survey gathered information about each state's regulations concerning physicians performing as a primary EMS crew member. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and reported using simple descriptive statistics, including proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Forty-four (88%) of the states responded. In 32 states (73%), physicians can work as a primary member of either a basic life support (BLS) or an advanced life support (ALS) ambulance crew without any specific additional training. In 30 states (68%), physicians can work as a primary member of either a BLS or an ALS ambulance crew without any specific prehospital certification. All of the reporting states will allow a physician to become certified as an emergency medical technician (EMT) or paramedic and then work as a primary member of a BLS or ALS ambulance crew. Seventy-nine percent allow the provision of physician-level care on BLS ambulances, and 81% on ALS ambulances. There was no meaningful difference between the training requirements for becoming a certified BLS provider vs. a certified ALS provider. States were significantly less likely to require a skills examination of physicians wishing to become certified as a BLS provider (9%) compared with those wishing to become certified as an ALS provider (82%). CONCLUSION: Most states allow physicians to become certified prehospital care providers, although few states require physicians wishing to work as a primary EMS provider to do so, or even to undergo any specific EMS training. There is no national standardization of the preparatory requirements of physicians wishing to provide in-field EMS.
机译：目的：描述希望担当主要现场紧急医疗服务（EMS）提供者的医师的要求，以及这些要求在各州之间的差异。方法：开发了一个简单的邮寄调查表，并将其分发给了美国50个州的EMS主管。该调查收集了有关各州有关作为主要EMS机组人员的医师的法规的信息。数据被输入到Microsoft Excel电子表格中，并使用简单的描述性统计数据进行报告，包括比例和95％置信区间（CI）。结果：44个州（88％）对此做出了回应。在32个州（73％）中，医生可以作为基本生命支持（BLS）或高级生命支持（ALS）的救护人员的主要成员，而无需任何特定的额外培训。在30个州（68％），医生可以作为BLS或ALS救护人员的主要成员，而无需任何特定的院前认证。所有报告州都将允许医生获得紧急医疗技术员（EMT）或护理人员的资格证书，然后成为BLS或ALS救护车队的主要成员。 79％的人允许在BLS救护车上提供医生级别的护理，而81％的人可以在ALS救护车上提供医生级别的护理。成为BLS认证提供者和ALS认证提供者的培训要求之间没有有意义的区别。与希望成为BLS提供者的医师（82％）相比，各州对要求成为BLS提供者的医师进行技能检查的可能性大大降低。结论：大多数州都允许医生成为合格的院前护理提供者，尽管很少有州要求希望成为主要EMS提供者甚至是接受任何特定EMS培训的医生。希望提供现场EMS的医师的准备要求尚无全国性的标准。

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