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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >Ernst Wynder and preventive medicine.
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Ernst Wynder and preventive medicine.

机译：恩斯特·温德和预防医学。

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The relationship of cigarette smoking to disease was still a contentious issue for those of us who trained in medicine and epidemiology in the 1950s and early 1960s. In the 1950s in medical school, smoking was prevalent among both faculty and students. Smoker's cough was a "beiwgn" problem. Chronic pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis, were not considered to be related to cigarette smoking and were "unusual" diseases. The likelihood that smoking caused lung cancer or coronary heart disease (CHD) was downplayed by many of the faculty in medical school. By the time I got to the School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University in 1962-1963, Dr. Wynder's paper in the Journal of the American Medical Association on smoking and lung cancer and subsequent papers by Levin et al. (1950) and Doll and Hill (1950) had dramatically changed the landscape. The paper by Wynder and Graham (1950) on smoking and lung cancer had become the basis for the rapidly growing case control studies in chronic disease epidemiology, especially cancer epidemiology. Smoking was now accepted as the primary cause of lung cancer and rates of cigarette smoking among my colleagues and faculty had dropped dramatically within a few years.
机译：对于我们这些在1950年代和1960年代初期接受医学和流行病学培训的人来说，吸烟与疾病的关系仍然是一个有争议的问题。在1950年代的医学院里，教师和学生中都普遍吸烟。吸烟者的咳嗽是一个“ beiwgn”问题。慢性肺部疾病，例如肺气肿和慢性支气管炎，被认为与吸烟无关，是“不寻常的”疾病。医学院的许多教授低估了吸烟导致肺癌或冠心病（CHD）的可能性。 1962-1963年，当我到达约翰·霍普金斯大学公共卫生学院时，Wynder博士在《美国医学协会杂志》上发表了有关吸烟和肺癌的论文，随后发表了Levin等人的论文。 （1950）和Doll and Hill（1950）大大改变了景观。温德和格雷厄姆（Wynder and Graham，1950年）关于吸烟和肺癌的论文已成为在慢性病流行病学，尤其是癌症流行病学中迅速发展的病例对照研究的基础。如今，吸烟已被认为是肺癌的主要原因，而我的同事和教师中的吸烟率在短短几年内急剧下降。

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