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Theoretical and experimental studies on the regioselectivity of epoxide ring opening by nucleophiles in nitromethane without any catalyst: nucleophilic-chain attack mechanism

机译:无任何催化剂的硝基甲烷中亲核试剂对环氧开环区域选择性的理论和实验研究:亲核链攻击机理

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摘要

We describe here a mild and efficient method for the nucleophilic ring-opening of epoxides with amines, alcohols and water in the presence of nitromethane as a polar solvent without using any catalyst. The reactions are highly regioselective and afford the products in excellent yields within a short period of time at room temperature. The regioselectivity for this ring opening has been investigated using experimental and theoretical ~1H and ~(13)C NMR studies together with activation energy calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level of theory. The mechanism of nucleophilic attack has been investigated in terms of a direct attack or a methanol chain attack.
机译:我们在这里描述一种温和有效的方法,用于在硝基甲烷作为极性溶剂存在下,不使用任何催化剂的情况下,用胺,醇和水进行环氧化物的亲核开环。该反应是高度区域选择性的,并且在室温下短时间内以优异的产率提供产物。使用实验和理论〜1H和〜(13)C NMR研究以及在理论上B3LYP / 6-311 + G(2d,p)的活化能计算,研究了该开环的区域选择性。已经从直接攻击或甲醇链攻击方面研究了亲核攻击的机制。

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