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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >The superior colliculus and its control of fixation behavior via projections to brainstem omnipause neurons.
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The superior colliculus and its control of fixation behavior via projections to brainstem omnipause neurons.

机译：上丘及其通过对脑干全神经元神经元的投射来控制固定行为。

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Evidence, obtained in the animal whose head is unrestrained, has shown that the superior colliculus (SC) controls, not specifically eye-in-head motion, but rather saccadic shifts of the visual axis (gaze) composed of coordinated eye and head movements. The SC has also been implicated in fixation control. In a current hypothesis, activity on the SC motor map reflects two conflictual behavioral states: 'Orient!' versus 'Don't orient!' The latter behavior is thought to be commanded from a 'fixation zone' in the rostral SC that includes the foveal representation of the retinotopic map. 'Fixation neurons' (SCFNs) in this zone project to brainstem 'omnipause neurons' (OPNs) that inhibit the gaze-saccade generating circuits. It has been proposed that activity in SCFNs during active fixation, drives OPNs which in turn inhibit the gaze saccade generator, thereby maintaining the visual axis stable on a target of interest. Cats with head unrestrained frequently orient in the dark, to a briefly visible target, using multiple-step gaze shifts with a variable number of gaze saccades interspersed with periods of steady fixation. We found that SCFNs are not always active during the inter-step fixation periods when the visual axis is immobile--whereas OPNs are tonically active--thereby implying that activity in FNs and OPNs can be decoupled. In cats with head unrestrained, SCFNs encode the error between desired and actual gaze positions, not necessarily that the visual axis is immobile. By comparison, OPNs are tonically active when the visual axis is immobile, but some also encode gaze position error. Thus, the discharge of an OPN may reflect combined inputs from SCFNs combined with a steady bias.
机译：在动物头部不受约束的动物中获得的证据表明，上丘（SC）控制的不是眼球在头运动，而是眼球和视头协调运动的视轴的眼球位移。 SC也已经牵涉到固视控制中。在当前的假设下，SC运动图上的活动反映了两个冲突的行为状态：“东方！”与“不要定向！”后者的行为被认为是从眼球SC中的“固定区”命令的，该区域包括视网膜定位图的中央凹。该区域中的“固定神经元”（SCFN）投射到抑制注视扫视产生电路的脑干“全能神经元”（OPN）。已经提出，在主动固定期间SCFN中的活性驱动OPN，OPN继而抑制了凝视扫视发生器，从而使视轴稳定在目标上。头部不受束缚的猫经常在黑暗中定向到一个短暂可见的目标，使用多步注视转移和不定数目的注视扫视，并穿插稳定的固定时间。我们发现，在视轴不动的步间固定期间，SCFN并不总是活动的-而OPN则是活跃的-因此暗示FN和OPN的活动可以分离。在头部不受束缚的猫中，SCFN编码所需注视位置与实际注视位置之间的误差，而不一定是视轴不动。相比之下，当视轴不动时，OPN在声音上是活动的，但是有些也编码凝视位置错误。因此，OPN的放电可能会反映来自SCFN的组合输入以及稳定的偏置。

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