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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >Oxytocin: who needs it?
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Oxytocin: who needs it?

机译：催产素：谁需要呢？

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摘要

The neuropeptide oxytocin has been implicated in the initiation of maternal behavior, based on studies in rats and sheep. Females in both of these species naturally avoid infants until parturition when they begin to show an intense interest in maternal care. Oxytocin pathways in the brain appear to be important for this transition from avoidance to approach of the young. Recent studies in mice with a null mutation of the oxytocin gene suggest a different scenario. These mice, which completely lack oxytocin, exhibit full maternal and reproductive behavior, except for a deficit in milk ejection. Apparently, oxytocin is not essential for maternal behavior in this species. Consistent with the role of oxytocin for the transition from avoidance to approach in rats and sheep, nulliparous mice show full maternal behavior and therefore do not require the peptide for the initiation of maternal care. The species differences in the behavioral effects of oxytocin are associated with profound species differences in the location of oxytocin receptors in the brain. Recent transgenic studies suggest that these species differences in the neuroanatomical distribution of oxytocin receptors may be a function of inter-species variation in the flanking region of the oxytocin receptor gene. So, who needs oxytocin? For maternal care, not mice and (possibly) other species, like primates, with promiscuous parental care. Most important, in considering the behavioral or cognitive functions of oxytocin, one cannot accurately extrapolate across species unless one knows the species have the same neuroanatomical location of oxytocin receptors.
机译：根据对大鼠和绵羊的研究，神经肽催产素与孕产妇行为的启动有关。这两个物种中的女性自然会避开婴儿直到分娩，直到她们开始对母婴护理表现出浓厚的兴趣。大脑中的催产素途径对于从回避到年轻的过渡似乎很重要。催产素基因无效突变的小鼠的最新研究提出了另一种情况。这些小鼠完全缺乏催产素，除了乳汁排出不足外，还具有完整的母性和生殖行为。显然，催产素并不是该物种孕产妇行为所必需的。与催产素在大鼠和绵羊中从逃避过渡到进场的作用一致，无胎小鼠表现出完全的母体行为，因此不需要该肽来启动母体护理。催产素的行为影响中的物种差异与催产素受体在大脑中的位置上的深刻物种差异有关。最近的转基因研究表明，催产素受体神经解剖分布中的这些物种差异可能是催产素受体基因侧翼区域种间变异的函数。那么，谁需要催产素？对于孕产妇护理，而不是小鼠和（可能）其他物种，如灵长类动物，具有混杂的父母护理。最重要的是，在考虑催产素的行为或认知功能时，除非一个人知道该物种具有催产素受体的相同神经解剖位置，否则就无法在种间准确推断。

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