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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >Acute and long-term synaptic modulation by neurotrophins.
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Acute and long-term synaptic modulation by neurotrophins.

机译：神经营养蛋白的急性和长期突触调节。

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While it has now been well accepted that neurotrophins play an important role in synapse development and plasticity, the specific effects of each neurotrophin on different populations of neurons at different developmental stages have just begun to be worked out. Moreover, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the synaptic function of neurotrophins remain poorly understood. In general, synaptic effects of neurotrophins could be divided into two categories: acute effect on synaptic transmission and plasticity occurring within seconds or minutes after cells are exposed to a neurotrophin, and long-term effect on synaptic structures and function that takes days to accomplish. In this review I have considered the previous findings on neurotrophic regulation of synapses in view of these two categories. Acute and long-term effects of neurotrophins are reexamined in detail in three model systems: the neuromuscular junction, the hippocampus and the visual cortex. Potential molecular mechanisms that mediate the acute or long-term neurotrophic regulation are discussed. Efforts are made to understand the mechanistic differences between the two effects and their relationships. Further study of these mechanisms will help us better understand how neurotrophins can achieve diverse and synapse-specific modulation.
机译：虽然现在已经公认神经营养蛋白在突触的发育和可塑性中起重要作用，但是每种神经营养蛋白在不同发育阶段对神经元的不同种群的特定作用才刚刚开始研究。此外，对神经营养蛋白的突触功能的细胞和分子机制仍然知之甚少。通常，神经营养蛋白的突触作用可分为两类：对细胞暴露于神经营养蛋白后数秒或数分钟内发生的对突触传递和可塑性的急性影响，以及对需要数日才能完成的对突触结构和功能的长期影响。在这篇综述中，鉴于这两个类别，我考虑了先前关于突触神经营养调节的发现。在三个模型系统中详细检查了神经营养蛋白的急性和长期作用：神经肌肉接头，海马和视皮层。讨论了介导急性或长期神经营养调节的潜在分子机制。努力了解这两种效应之间的机械差异及其关系。对这些机制的进一步研究将有助于我们更好地理解神经营养蛋白如何实现多种突触特异性调节。

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