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Implications of the World Trade Organization in combating non-communicable diseases.

机译：世界贸易组织对防治非传染性疾病的影响。

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The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a number of strategies to combat non-communicable diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes by targeting the risk factors of tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol and poor diet. A number of the domestic regulatory responses contemplated by WHO and individual countries have the potential to restrict or distort trade, raising the question of whether they are consistent with the obligations imposed on Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This article demonstrates that WTO rules do limit Members' flexibility in implementing public health measures to address these diseases. However, the focus of WTO provisions on preventing discrimination against or between imports and the exceptions incorporated in various WTO agreements leave sufficient scope for Members to design carefully directed measures to achieve genuine public health goals while minimizing negative effects on international trade.
机译：世界卫生组织（世卫组织）已提出了一系列针对非传染性疾病的战略，例如针对吸烟，危险饮酒和不良饮食的危险因素，以抗击癌症，心血管疾病，慢性呼吸道疾病和糖尿病。世卫组织和个别国家考虑采取的许多国内监管对策有可能限制或扭曲贸易，这引发了一个问题，即它们是否与对世界贸易组织（世贸组织）成员施加的义务相一致。本文表明，WTO规则确实限制了会员在实施公共卫生措施以应对这些疾病方面的灵活性。但是，世贸组织关于防止进口或进口之间歧视的规定的重点以及世贸组织各项协定所载的例外规定为成员国提供了充分的余地，以制定认真指导的措施，以实现真正的公共卫生目标，同时最大限度地减少对国际贸易的负面影响。

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