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Adherence to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations as a measure of a healthy diet and upper respiratory tract infection.

机译：遵守北欧营养建议书，以衡量健康饮食和上呼吸道感染。

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Objective. The Nordic countries have published joint dietary recommendations, the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), since 1980. We evaluated adherence to the NNR as a measure of a healthy diet and its potential association with self-reported upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Design. A prospective, population-based study with a follow-up period of 4 months. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ with ninety-six items, along with other lifestyle factors, at baseline. URTI was assessed every three weeks. A Poisson regression model was used to control for age, sex and other confounding factors. Setting. A middle-sized county in northern Sweden. Subjects. Swedish men and women (n 1509) aged 20-60 years. Results. The NNR include recommendations on macronutrient proportions, physical activity and intake of micronutrients, sodium, fibre and alcohol. We found that overall adherence to the NNR was moderately good. In addition, we found that high adherence to the NNR (>5.5 adherence points) was not associated with a lower risk of URTI (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.89, 95 % CI 0.73, 1.08) compared with low adherence (<4.5 adherence points). When investigating individual components of the NNR, only high physical activity was associated with lower URTI risk (IRR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.69, 0.97) whereas none of the dietary components were associated with risk of URTI. Conclusions. Overall adherence to the NNR was moderately good. Overall adherence to the NNR was not associated with URTI risk in our study. However, when investigating individual components of the NNR, we found that high physical activity was associated with lower URTI risk.
机译：目的。自1980年以来，北欧国家已经发布了联合饮食建议，即北欧营养建议（NNR）。我们评估了对NNR的依从性，以衡量健康饮食及其与自我报告的上呼吸道感染（URTI）的潜在关联。设计。一项基于人群的前瞻性研究，随访期为4个月。在基线时，使用半定量FFQ和96种食物以及其他生活方式因素来评估饮食摄入量。每三周评估一次URTI。使用Poisson回归模型控制年龄，性别和其他混杂因素。设置。瑞典北部的中型县。主题。年龄在20至60岁之间的瑞典男女（ n 1509）。结果。 NNR包括有关大量营养素比例，身体活动和微量营养素，钠，纤维和酒精摄入量的建议。我们发现，对NNR的总体依从性中等。此外，我们发现，与低依从性（<4.5依从性）相比，对NNR的高依从性（> 5.5依从点）与较低的URTI风险（发生率比（IRR）0.89、95％CI 0.73、1.08）无关。点）。在研究NNR的各个成分时，只有较高的体育活动与较低的URTI风险相关（IRR = 0.82，95％CI 0.69，0.97），而饮食成分均与URTI的风险无关。结论。对NNR的总体依从性中等。在我们的研究中，完全遵守NNR与URTI风险无关。但是，在研究NNR的各个组成部分时，我们发现较高的体力活动与较低的URTI风险相关。

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