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Shame and Gender Differences in Paths to Youth Suicide: Parents' Perspective

机译：青年自杀途径的耻辱和性别差异：父母的观点

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摘要

Risk factors, suicidal behavior, and help-seeking patterns differ between young women and men. We constructed a generic conceptual model of the processes underlying youth suicide, grounded in 78 interviews with parents in 52 consecutive cases of suicide (19 women, 33 men) identified at forensic medical autopsy and compared by sex. We found different forms of shame hidden behind gender-specific masks, as well as gender differences in their paths to suicide. Several interacting factors formed negative feedback loops. Finding no way out, the young persons looked for an emergency exit. Signs and preparations could be observed at different times but recognized only in retrospect. Typically, the young persons and their parents asked for professional help but did not receive the help they needed. We discuss parents' experiences from the theoretical perspective on gender identity and developmental breakdown. Giving voice to the parents' tacit knowledge can contribute to better prevention and treatment.
机译：男女之间的危险因素，自杀行为和寻求帮助的方式有所不同。我们构建了青年自杀过程的通用概念模型，以法医尸检确定的52例连续自杀案例（19名女性，33名男性）中与父母进行的78次访谈为基础，并按性别进行了比较。我们发现针对性别的面具背后隐藏着不同形式的耻辱，以及自杀途径中的性别差异。几个相互作用的因素形成了负反馈回路。年轻人无路可走，正在寻找紧急出口。可以在不同的时间观察到迹象和准备工作，但只能回想起来。通常，年轻人及其父母要求专业帮助，但没有得到他们需要的帮助。我们从性别认同和发育障碍的理论角度讨论父母的经历。表达父母的默契知识有助于更好的预防和治疗。

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