Using a structured questionnaire, the authors survey the following 1092 quality-oriented companies in Hong Kong:Hong Kong Management Association's quality award winners and finalists(N = 10).ISO 9000 certified companies in Hong Kong (N = 1082).The survey yielded response from 304 usable returns (with a usable response rate of 28.6 percent).The final sample of 304 firms consisted of four industry types:69 manufacturing companies.107 service companies.114 construction companies.14 public utility organizations.Ten critical factors for QM were assessed in these sample industries and the findings were reported.The article concludes that:The companies in all the industry types view QM as an integrated approach.The companies in the public utility and service industries have a higher level of QM implementation than those in the manufacturing and construction industries.They also differ on their emphasis on QM implementation.At the end, some suggestions were provided for improving the QM implementation. (12 refs.)
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