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Anterior spinal column augmentation with injectable bone cements

机译：脊柱前路可注射骨水泥填充术

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A vertebral fracture, whether originating from osteoporosis or trauma, can be the cause of pain, disability, deformation and neurological deficit. The treatment of vertebral compression fractures has, for many years until the advent of vertebroplasty, consisted of bedrest and analgesics. Vertebroplasty is a percutaneous technique during which bone cement is injected in a vertebral body to provide immediate pain relief by stabilization. Inflatable bone tamps can, prior to the injection of cement, be used to create a void in the vertebral body, in which case the technique is known as balloon vertebroplasty (or kyphoplasty). The chance of extracorporal cement leakage is smaller for balloon vertebroplasty than for vertebroplasty. Some authors also claim to have gained some correction in vertebral body height or angulation. Both interventions can be used for several indications, including osteoporotic compression fractures and osteolytic lesions of the vertebral body such as myeloma, hemangioma or metastasis, and also for traumatic burst fractures in combination with pedicle screw instrumentation. Polymethyl methacrylate cement is the bone void filler that is used most frequently, although the application of calcium phosphate cements has been studied widely in vitro, in vivo and also in small-scale clinical series. The clinical results of (balloon-) vertebroplasty are favorable with 85-95% of all patients experiencing immediate and long-lasting relief of pain. Serious complications are relatively rare but include neurological deficit and pulmonary embolism. In this paper, both vertebroplasty and balloon vertebroplasty and their respective indications, techniques and results are described in relation with the application and limitations of permanent and resorbable injectable bone cements. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：椎骨骨折，无论是源于骨质疏松还是外伤，都可能是疼痛，残疾，变形和神经功能缺损的原因。椎骨压缩性骨折的治疗已经很多年了，直到椎骨成形术出现为止，包括卧床和止痛药。椎体成形术是一种经皮技术，在该技术中，将骨水泥注入椎体内，以通过稳定作用立即缓解疼痛。在注入水泥之前，可以使用可充气的骨夯来在椎体中形成空隙，在这种情况下，该技术被称为球囊椎体成形术（或椎体后凸成形术）。球囊椎体成形术的体外水泥渗漏的机会比椎体成形术小。一些作者还声称已经在椎体高度或成角度方面获得了一些矫正。两种干预措施均可用于多种适应症，包括骨质疏松性压迫性骨折和椎体的溶骨性病变（如骨髓瘤，血管瘤或转移），以及与椎弓根螺钉器械结合的创伤性破裂性骨折。尽管已经在体外，体内以及小规模临床研究中广泛研究了磷酸钙水泥的应用，但聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯水泥是最常使用的骨空隙填充剂。 （气囊）椎体成形术的临床结果令人满意，在所有患者中，有85-95％的患者会立即和长期缓解疼痛。严重的并发症相对少见，但包括神经系统缺陷和肺栓塞。本文针对永久性和可吸收性骨水泥的应用和局限性，对椎体成形术和球囊椎体成形术及其各自的适应症，技术和结果进行了描述。 （c）2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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