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Openness to experience and activity engagement facilitate the maintenance of verbal ability in older adults

机译：开放的经验和参与活动有助于维持老年人的语言能力

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摘要

The current study used data from the Aberdeen Birth Cohort, 1936, to investigate the hypothesis that the positive effects of the personality trait Openness on cognitive ability are mediated by activity levels. Results of latent growth modeling analysis revealed that higher Openness predicted better reading ability, inductive reasoning, and memory performance across three testing occasions when participants were aged 64-68 years. Higher Openness predicted higher activity levels, and higher activity levels in turn predicted higher reading ability, but not higher performance on measures of inductive reasoning, memory, and speed of processing. Overall, Openness and activity engagement appear related to preserved higher cognitive ability in older adults, with Openness having a direct effect on marker tests of fluid ability and with the combined influence of Openness and activity being particularly important for marker tests of crystallized intelligence.
机译：当前的研究使用的是1936年阿伯丁出生队列的数据，以研究以下假设：人格特质开放性对认知能力的积极影响是由活动水平介导的。潜在生长模型分析的结果表明，在参与者年龄在64-68岁之间的三个测试场合中，较高的开放度可预测更好的阅读能力，归纳推理和记忆性能。较高的开放度预示着较高的活动水平，较高的活动水平继而预示了较高的阅读能力，但在归纳推理，记忆和处理速度方面却没有较高的表现。总体而言，开放性和活动参与似乎与老年人保留更高的认知能力有关，开放性直接影响体液能力的标记测试，并且开放性和活动的综合影响对于结晶智力的标记测试尤为重要。

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