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首页> 外文期刊>Quaternary Science Reviews: The International Multidisciplinary Review Journal >Reconstructing paleosalinity from delta O-18: Coupled model simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum, Last Interglacial and Late Holocene
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Reconstructing paleosalinity from delta O-18: Coupled model simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum, Last Interglacial and Late Holocene

机译：从三角洲O-18重建古碱度：末次冰期最大值，末次冰间期和晚全新世的耦合模型模拟

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Reconstructions of salinity are used to diagnose changes in the hydrological cycle and ocean circulation. A widely used method of determining past salinity uses oxygen isotope (Sow) residuals after the extraction of the global ice volume and temperature components. This method relies on a constant relationship between bow and salinity throughout time. Here we use the isotope-enabled fully coupled General Circulation Model (GCM) HadCM3 to test the application of spatially and time-independent relationships in the reconstruction of past ocean salinity. Simulations of the Late Holocene (LH), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and Last Interglacial (LIG) climates are performed and benchmarked against existing compilations of stable oxygen isotopes in carbonates (delta(0c)), which primarily reflect delta(0w) and temperature. We find that HadCM3 produces an accurate representation of the surface ocean delta(0c) distribution for the LH and LGM. Our simulations show considerable variability in spatial and temporal delta(0w)-salinity relationships. Spatial gradients are generally shallower but within similar to 50% of the actual simulated LH to LGM and LH to LIG temporal gradients and temporal gradients calculated from multi-decadal variability are generally shallower than both spatial and actual simulated gradients. The largest sources of uncertainty in salinity reconstructions are found to be caused by changes in regional freshwater budgets, ocean circulation, and sea ice regimes. These can cause errors in salinity estimates exceeding 4 psu. Our results suggest that paleosalinity reconstructions in the South Atlantic, Indian and Tropical Pacific Oceans should be most robust, since these regions exhibit relatively constant delta(0w)-salinity relationships across spatial and temporal scales. Largest uncertainties will affect North Atlantic and high latitude paleosalinity reconstructions. Finally, the results show that it is difficult to generate reliable salinity estimates for regions of dynamic oceanography, such as the North Atlantic, without additional constraints. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：盐度的重建用于诊断水文循环和海洋环流的变化。确定过去盐度的一种广泛使用的方法是在提取总冰量和温度分量后使用氧同位素（Sow）残留物。这种方法依赖于整个时间弓和盐度之间的恒定关系。在这里，我们使用具有同位素功能的全耦合通用环流模型（GCM）HadCM3来测试空间和时间无关关系在过去海洋盐度重建中的应用。进行了晚全新世（LH），上一次冰期最大值（LGM）和上一次冰间期（LIG）气候的模拟，并以碳酸盐中稳定氧同位素（delta（0c））的现有汇编为基准，该汇编主要反映了delta（0w）和温度。我们发现HadCM3对LH和LGM产生了表层海洋delta（0c）分布的准确表示。我们的仿真显示了空间和时间delta（0w）-盐度关系的显着可变性。空间梯度通常较浅，但在实际模拟的LH至LGM和LH至LIG的50％内，时间梯度和由多年代际变化性计算的时间梯度通常比空间和实际模拟梯度都浅。盐度重建不确定性的最大来源是区域淡水预算，海洋环流和海冰状况的变化引起的。这些会导致盐度估算值的误差超过4 psu。我们的结果表明，南大西洋，印度洋和热带太平洋的古盐度重建应该最有力，因为这些区域在空间和时间尺度上表现出相对恒定的delta（0w）-盐度关系。最大的不确定性将影响北大西洋和高纬度古地理重建。最后，结果表明，在没有其他限制的情况下，很难为动态海洋学区域（例如北大西洋）生成可靠的盐度估计值。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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