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Detection of defect parameters using nonlinear air-coupled emission by ultrasonic guided waves at contact acoustic nonlinearities

机译：超声声波作用下非线性导波空耦合发射检测缺陷参数

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Interaction of ultrasonic guided waves with kissing bonds (closed delaminations and incipient surface breaking cracks) gives rise to nonlinear features at the defect location. This causes higher harmonic frequency ultrasonic radiation into the ambient air, often referred to as Nonlinear Air-Coupled Emission (NACE), which may serve as a nonlinear tag to detect the defects. This paper summarizes the results of a numerical implementation and simulation study of NACE. The developed model combines a 3D time domain model for the nonlinear Lamb wave propagation in delaminated samples with a spectral solution for the nonlinear air-coupled emission. A parametric study is conducted to illustrate the potential of detecting defect location, size and shape by studying the NACE acoustic radiation patterns in different orientation planes. The simulation results prove that there is a good determination potential for the defect parameters, especially when the radiated frequency matches one of the resonance frequencies of the delaminated layer, leading to a Local Defect Resonance (LDR). (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：超声波与吻合键的相互作用（闭合分层和早期表面破裂裂纹）在缺陷位置处产生非线性特征。这会导致较高的谐波频率超声波辐射进入环境空气，通常称为非线性空气耦合发射（NACE），它可以用作检测缺陷的非线性标签。本文总结了NACE的数值实现和仿真研究的结果。开发的模型将3D时域模型（用于分层样品中的非线性Lamb波传播）与用于非线性空气耦合发射的光谱解决方案相结合。进行了参数研究，以说明通过研究不同取向平面中的NACE声辐射图来检测缺陷位置，尺寸和形状的潜力。仿真结果证明，缺陷参数具有良好的确定潜力，尤其是当辐射频率与分层层的共振频率之一匹配时，会导致局部缺陷共振（LDR）。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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