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Size-Dependent Chemistry: Properties of Nanocrystals

机译:尺寸依赖性化学:纳米晶体的性质

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Properties of materials determined by their size are indeed fascinating and form the basis of the emerging area of nanoscience. In this article, we examine the size dependent electronic structure and properties of nanocrystals of semiconductors and metals to illustrate this aspect. We then discuss the chemical reactivity of metal nanocrystals which is strongly dependent on the size not only because of the large surface area but also a result of the significantly different electronic structure of the small nanocrystals. Nanoscale catalysis of gold exemplifies this feature. Size also plays a role in the assembly of nanocrystals into crystalline arrays. While we owe the beginnings of size-dependent chemistry to the early studies of colloids, recent finding have added a new dimension to the subject.
机译:由其尺寸决定的材料的性能确实令人着迷,并构成了纳米科学新兴领域的基础。在本文中,我们研究了尺寸依赖性的电子结构以及半导体和金属纳米晶体的特性,以说明这一方面。然后,我们讨论金属纳米晶体的化学反应性,这不仅取决于大的表面积,而且还取决于小纳米晶体的显着不同的电子结构的结果,该化学反应性与尺寸密切相关。金的纳米级催化证明了这一特征。尺寸在纳米晶体组装成晶体阵列中也起着作用。尽管我们对胶体的早期研究有依赖于大小依赖性化学的开端,但最近的发现为该学科增加了新的领域。

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