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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Zoology >Summer diving behaviour of lactating New Zealand sea lions, Phocarctos hookeri
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Summer diving behaviour of lactating New Zealand sea lions, Phocarctos hookeri

机译：哺乳期的新西兰海狮Phocarctos hookeri的夏季潜水行为

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The diving behaviour of 14 female New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri) was recorded during early lactation in January and February 1995 on the Auckland Islands, New Zealand. During 73 trips to sea, 19 720 dives were recorded. The average duration of a foraging cycle was 2.9 days (range 1.4-4.8 days), of which 1.7 days (57%) (range 1.1-3.4 days) were spent at sea and 1.2 days (43%) (range 0.8-2.3 days) ashore. At sea the sea lions dived almost continuously at a rate of 7.5 dives/h and spent a mean of 45% of the time submerged (greater than or equal to 2 m). Dive behaviour varied among individuals but showed no diel pattern overall. The dive depth for all dives greater than or equal to 6 m was 123 +/- 87 m (mean +/- SD) (median 124 m, maximum 474 m) and ranged among individuals from 79 +/- 85 to 187 +/- 166 m. About half of the dives were in the 101- to 180-m range. The duration of all dives was 3.9 +/- 1.8 min (median 4.33 min, maximum 11.3 min); about half (51%) of the dive durations were between 4 and 6 min. Surface interval was 4.5 +/- 15.8 min (median 1.9 min). Almost half (44%) of all dives exceeded the calculated aerobic dive limit of each sea lion (range 16-73% for individuals). Most dive profiles were flat bottomed and, we believe, are to the benthos. A mean of 51.5% of all dive time was spent in the deepest 85% of the dive. Prey remains found during this study were primarily of benthic and demersal organisms. Phocarctos hookeri is the deepest and longest diving of any of the otariids recorded to date. We suggest that the dive behaviour may reflect either successful physiological adaptation to exploiting benthic prey and (or) a marginal foraging environment in which diving behaviour is close to physiological limits.
机译：1995年1月和1995年2月在新西兰奥克兰群岛哺乳初期，记录了14只新西兰海狮（Phocarctos hookeri）的潜水行为。在73次海上旅行中，记录了19 720次潜水。觅食周期的平均持续时间为2.9天（范围1.4-4.8天），其中1.7天（57％）（范围1.1-3.4天）在海上度过，而1.2天（43％）（在0.8-2.3天范围内） ）上岸。在海上，海狮几乎连续以7.5潜水/小时的速度潜水，并且平均花费了其淹没时间的45％（大于或等于2 m）。潜水行为因人而异，但总体上未显示出迪尔模式。所有大于或等于6 m的潜水的潜水深度为123 +/- 87 m（平均+/- SD）（中位数124 m，最大474 m），个体之间的潜水深度范围为79 +/- 85至187 + / -166 m大约一半的潜水深度在101-180米范围内。所有潜水时间为3.9 +/- 1.8分钟（中位值为4.33分钟，最长为11.3分钟）;大约一半（51％）的潜水时间在4到6分钟之间。表面间隔为4.5 +/- 15.8分钟（中位数1.9分钟）。几乎所有潜水中的一半（44％）超过了每只海狮的有氧潜水极限（个人的16-73％范围）。大多数潜水轮廓是平底的，我们认为是底栖动物。在最深的85％潜水中，平均花费了所有潜水时间的51.5％。在这项研究中发现的猎物残骸主要是底栖生物和海底生物。 Phocarctos hookeri是迄今为止记录的所有耳鼻喉科动物中最深，最长的潜水。我们建议潜水行为可能反映了对底栖生物的成功生理适应和（或）潜水行为接近生理极限的边缘觅食环境。

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