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Growth, yield, and yield attributes of component crops in rice-wheat-mung bean and rice-wheat-maize systems in Central Bangladesh

机译:孟加拉国中部水稻-小麦-绿豆和水稻-小麦-玉米系统的组成作物的生长,产量和产量属性

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摘要

Growth, yield, and yield component analyses of three cropping patterns [rice-wheat-mung bean (mung bean residue removed), rice-wheat-mung bean (mung bean residue retained), and rice-wheat-maize] at two fertilizer levels (based on soil-test and on farmers' practice from survey) were conducted at Central Research Station of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, from 1996-97 to 1998-99. In rice, more panicles/m~2 (range : 216 to 250), and more fertile (range : 93 to 118) but fewer infertile grains/panicle (range : 25 to 40) contributed to greater yield in soil-test based (3.77 to 4.62 t/ha) than farmers' fertilizer (204 to 232 panicles/m~2; 92 to 114 fertile and 28 to 42 infertile grains/panicle, 3.75 to 4.33 t/ha grain yield) treatments. In wheat also, greater grain yields (range: 2.30 to 4.08 t/ha) were recorded in soil-test based fertilizer treatments due to higher number of spikes/m~2 (range : 170 to 240) and fertile grains/spike (range : 38 to 46) than in farmers' fertilizer treatments (spikes/m~2 : 146 to 218; fertile grains/spike : 31 to 36; grain yield : 1.98 to 3.11 t/ha). Likewise in maize, greater grain yields (range : 2.44 to 3.25 t/ha) were due to higher number of grains/cob (range : 261 to 292) and seed weight (range : 175.6 to 178.4 g) in soil-test based than in farmers' fertilizer treatments (grains/cob : 226 to 272; seed weight : 167 g; grain yield : 1.93 to 2.85 t/ha). In mung bean, more pods/plant (range : 9.1 to 11.9), seeds/pod (range : 5.4 to9.6), and seed weight (range : 26.9 to 28.2 g) contributed to greater seed yield (0.26 to 0.61 t/ha) in soil-test based than in farmers' management (pods/plant : 8.2 to 10.4; seeds/pod : 5.6 to 9.0; seed weight : 26.0 to 28.3 g; seed yield : 0.25 to o.55t/ha). In the -N treatments, in all crops, grain yields as well as all yield components were substantially reduced. Results revealed that increasing spikes/m~2 in wheat, panicles/m~2 in rice, pods/plant in mung bean, and grains/cob and grain weight in maize could contribute to higher yields of the component crops in the cropping system studied here.
机译:在两种肥料水平下三种种植模式[米-小麦-绿豆(去除绿豆残渣),米-小麦-绿豆(保留绿豆残渣)和米-小麦-玉米)的生长,产量和产量构成分析(基于土壤测试和调查中的农民实践)于1996-97至1998-99年在孟加拉国农业研究中心(BARI)的中央研究站进行了研究,该研究中心位于Gazipur的Joydebpur。在水稻中,更多的穗/ m〜2(范围:216至250)和更肥沃的(范围:93至118),但较少的不育谷物/穗(范围:25至40)有助于提高土壤试验的产量(比农民施肥(204至232穗/ m〜2; 92至114肥沃和28至42个不育谷物/穗,3.75至4.33 t / ha谷物)处理高出3.77至4.62 t / ha)。同样,在小麦中,由于基于土壤试验的肥料处理的穗数/ m〜2(范围:170-240)和可育谷物/穗数(范围)更高,因此谷物产量也更高(范围:2.30至4.08吨/公顷)。 :38至46)比农民的肥料处理(穗/ m〜2:146至218;可育谷物/穗:31至36;谷物产量:1.98至3.11 t / ha)。同样,在玉米中,基于土壤试验的谷物/穗轴数量(范围:261至292)和种子重量(范围:175.6至178.4 g)较高,因此谷物产量更高(范围:2.44至3.25 t / ha)在农民的肥料处理中(谷物/玉米芯:226至272;种子重量:167 g;谷物产量:1.93至2.85 t / ha)。在绿豆中,更多的豆荚/植物(范围:9.1至11.9),种子/荚(范围:5.4至9.6)和种子重量(范围:26.9至28.2 g)有助于提高种子产量(0.26至0.61 t / ha)在土壤试验中要比在农民管理中要多(豆荚/植物:8.2至10.4;种子/豆荚:5.6至9.0;种子重量:26.0至28.3 g;种子产量:0.25至o.55t / ha)。在-N处理中,在所有作物中,谷物单产以及所有单产均大幅下降。结果表明,在研究的种植系统中,小麦的穗数/ m〜2,水稻的穗粒/ m〜2,绿豆的豆荚/植物以及玉米的谷粒/穗轴和粒重的增加都可能有助于提高复合作物的单产这里。

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