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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Zoology >Ruffed grouse brood habitat selection at multiple scales in Pennsylvania: implications for survival
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Ruffed grouse brood habitat selection at multiple scales in Pennsylvania: implications for survival

机译：宾夕法尼亚州的松鸡松鸡种群栖息地的多尺度选择：对生存的影响

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摘要

Declines in ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus (L., 1766)) populations in the central and southern Appalachians may be linked to low brood survival. Therefore, managing for high-quality brood habitat could improve grouse numbers. Understanding how brood habitat selection affects survival and the spatial scale at which this occurs is therefore fundamental to developing effective habitat management strategies. From 1999-2002, we monitored 38 broods for 5A weeks post hatch and estimated utilization distributions (n = 28), site-scale habitat use (n = 21), and daily survival rate (mean = 0.966, range = 0.920-0.997, and n = 19). Relative to available habitat, broods selected sites with greater herbaceous ground cover and higher small (<2.5A cm diameter at breast height, DBH) stem densities and landscapes containing higher proportions of road and young deciduous forest. Herbaceous ground cover provided arthropod prey and concealment from predators and was a primary factor driving habitat selection. High stem densities and early successional habitats provided increased security, but were only used if adequate ground cover was present. Broods strongly selected roads and experienced higher survival near edges. However, higher road densities were associated with lower survival at the landscape scale. This pattern reflects the differential scale at which grouse and their predators respond to edge.
机译：阿巴拉契亚中部和南部皱r松鸡（Bonasa umbellus（L.，1766））种群的减少可能与育雏率低有关。因此，管理高质量的育雏栖息地可以提高松鸡数量。因此，了解育雏栖息地的选择如何影响生存以及发生这种繁殖的空间规模是制定有效的栖息地管理策略的基础。从1999年到2002年，我们在孵化后的5A周内监测了38个亲鱼，并评估了利用率分布（n = 28），站点规模的栖息地使用（n = 21）和每日生存率（平均值= 0.966，范围= 0.920-0.997，并且n = 19）。相对于可利用的栖息地，育雏所选择的地点具有较高的草本地被覆盖和较高的小（胸径<2.5A cm直径，DBH）茎密度和包含较高比例的道路和落叶林的景观。草本的地面覆盖物为节肢动物提供了捕食和躲避捕食者的保护，并且是驱动栖息地选择的主要因素。高茎密度和早期演替生境提供了更高的安全性，但仅在有足够地面覆盖的情况下使用。巢穴强烈选择道路并在边缘附近经历更高的生存率。但是，较高的道路密度与景观尺度下的较低生存率有关。这种模式反映了松鸡及其捕食者对边缘做出反应的不同尺度。

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