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首页> 外文期刊>The American Naturalist: Devoted to the Conceptual Unification of the Biological Sciences >A sex allocation theory for vertebrates: Combining local resource competition and condition-dependent allocation
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A sex allocation theory for vertebrates: Combining local resource competition and condition-dependent allocation

机译：脊椎动物性别分配理论：结合当地资源竞争和条件依赖分配

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摘要

Tests of sex allocation theory in vertebrates are usually based on verbal arguments. However, the operation of multiple selective forces can complicate verbal arguments, possibly making them misleading. We construct an inclusive fitness model for the evolution of condition-dependent brood sex ratio adjustment in response to two leading explanations for sex ratio evolution in vertebrates: the effect of maternal quality on the fitness of male and female offspring ( the Trivers-Willard hypothesis [TWH]) and local resource competition (LRC) between females. We show ( 1) the population sex ratio can be either unbiased or biased in either direction ( toward either males or females); ( 2) brood sex ratio adjustment can be biased in either direction, with high-quality females biasing reproductive investment toward production of sons ( as predicted by the TWH) or production of daughters ( opposite to predictions of the TWH); and ( 3) selection can favor gradual sex ratio adjustment, with both sons and daughters being produced by both high- and low-quality mothers. Despite these complications, clear a priori predictions can be made for how the population sex ratio and the conditional sex ratio adjustment of broods should vary across populations or species, and within populations, across individuals of different quality.
机译：脊椎动物中性别分配理论的检验通常基于口头辩论。但是，多重选择力的操作会使口头辩论变得复杂，可能使他们产生误解。我们针对脊椎动物性别比例进化的两个主要解释，建立了一个条件适应的育雏性别比例调整进化的包容性适应模型：母体质量对雌雄后代适应性的影响（Trivers-Willard假设[ TWH]）和女性之间的本地资源竞争（LRC）。我们证明（1）人口性别比可以在任何一个方向上不偏不倚或偏向男性或女性; （2）育雏性别比的调整可以向任一方向偏向，高素质的女性会将生殖投资偏向于儿子的生产（由TWH预测）或女儿的生产（与TWH的预测相反）; （3）选择有利于逐步的性别比例调整，儿子和女儿都是由高素质和低素质的母亲生产的。尽管存在这些复杂性，但可以明确做出先验预测，以了解种群性别比和育雏条件性别比调整应如何在不同种群或物种之间以及不同质量个体之间变化。

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