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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Autobiographical memory of the recent past following frontal cortex or temporal lobe excisions.
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Autobiographical memory of the recent past following frontal cortex or temporal lobe excisions.

机译：额叶皮质或颞叶切除后最近的自传记忆。

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Previous research has raised questions regarding the necessity of the frontal cortex in autobiographical memory and the role that it plays in actively retrieving contextual information associated with personally relevant events. Autobiographical memory was studied in patients with unilateral excisions restricted to the frontal cortex or temporal lobe involving the amygdalo-hippocampal region and in normal controls using an event-sampling method. We examined accuracy of free recall, use of strategies during retrieval and memory for specific aspects of the autobiographical events, including temporal order. Patients with temporal lobe excisions were impaired in autobiographical recall. By contrast, patients with frontal cortical excisions exhibited normal autobiographical recall but were less likely to use temporal order spontaneously to organize event retrieval. Instruction to organize retrieval by temporal order failed to improve recall in temporal lobe patients and increased the incidence of plausible intrusion errors in left temporal patients. In contrast, patients with frontal cortical excisions now surpassed control subjects in recall of autobiographical events. Furthermore, the retrieval accuracy for the temporal order of diary events was not impaired in these patients. In a subsequent cued recall test, temporal lobe patients were impaired in their memory for the details of the diary events and their context. In conclusion, a basic impairment in autobiographical memory (including memory for temporal context) results from damage to the temporal lobe and not the frontal cortex. Patients with frontal excisions fail to use organizational strategies spontaneously to aid retrieval but can use these effectively if instructed to do so.
机译：先前的研究提出了关于自传体记忆中额叶皮层的必要性及其在主动检索与个人相关事件相关的上下文信息中所起的作用的问题。使用事件采样方法对单侧切除局限于额叶皮层或颞叶的扁桃体-海马区以及正常对照的患者进行了自传记忆的研究。我们检查了自由回忆的准确性，在自传事件的特定方面（包括时间顺序）的检索和记忆过程中使用策略的准确性。颞叶切除患者的自传回忆障碍。相比之下，额叶皮层切除术患者表现出正常的自传体回忆，但不太可能自发地使用时间顺序来组织事件检索。按时间顺序组织检索的指令未能改善颞叶患者的记忆力，并增加了左颞叶患者可能出现的侵入错误的发生率。相比之下，额叶皮层切除术的患者在自传事件的回忆中现在超过了对照对象。此外，在这些患者中，日记事件的时间顺序的检索准确性没有受到损害。在随后的提示回忆测试中，颞叶患者的日记事件及其背景的详细信息在他们的记忆中受损。总之，自传体记忆（包括对时态背景的记忆）的基本损害是由颞叶而不是额叶皮层损害所致。额叶切除术患者无法自发地使用组织策略来帮助恢复，但如果得到指导，则可以有效地使用它们。

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