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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >New genomic avenues in behavioural neuroendocrinology.
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New genomic avenues in behavioural neuroendocrinology.

机译：行为神经内分泌学的新基因组途径。

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摘要

Neuroendocrine systems play a key role not only in the maintenance of whole-body homeostasis but also as the link between behavioural, endocrine and autonomic responses to environmental stimuli. It is becoming increasingly clear that neuroendocrine regulatory mechanisms are under the control of a combination of factors including genetic background, environment and early-life programming. Patterns of gene expression are increasingly being used to provide information on the genotypes associated with particular behaviours, and modulation of specific parts of the genome allow investigation of the contribution of particular genes. The sequencing of the genome provides a unique opportunity to elucidate the genetic contribution to neuroendocrine and behavioural processes, and to investigate the interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Although drugs can be used to activate or inhibit neurotransmitters and receptors, they lack specificity. New technologies now permit the activation or inactivation of both neurotransmitters and receptors in specific areas of the brain for defined periods, including crucially important developmental windows when activation appears to have long-term consequences. The future challenges are to define the critical mechanisms through which the genetic constitution of an individual human or experimental animal interacts with environmental cues to result in altered physiological or even pathological behaviour and endocrine function.
机译：神经内分泌系统不仅在维持全身动态平衡方面起着关键作用，而且还作为行为，内分泌和对环境刺激的自主反应之间的联系。越来越清楚的是，神经内分泌调节机制受多种因素的控制，包括遗传背景，环境和早期编程。基因表达的模式越来越多地用于提供有关与特定行为相关的基因型的信息，而基因组特定部分的调节可以研究特定基因的贡献。基因组测序为阐明遗传对神经内分泌和行为过程的贡献，以及研究遗传与环境因素之间的相互作用提供了独特的机会。尽管药物可用于激活或抑制神经递质和受体，但它们缺乏特异性。现在，新技术允许在特定时间段内激活或灭活大脑特定区域的神经递质和受体，包括当激活似乎具有长期后果时至关重要的重要发育窗口。未来的挑战是定义关键机制，通过该机制，人类或实验动物的遗传构成与环境线索相互作用，从而导致生理或病理行为和内分泌功能发生改变。

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