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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Extinction reveals that primary sensory cortex predicts reinforcement outcome.
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Extinction reveals that primary sensory cortex predicts reinforcement outcome.

机译：灭绝表明，主要的感觉皮层可预测强化结果。

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Primary sensory cortices are traditionally regarded as stimulus analysers. However, studies of associative learning-induced plasticity in the primary auditory cortex (A1) indicate involvement in learning, memory and other cognitive processes. For example, the area of representation of a tone becomes larger for stronger auditory memories and the magnitude of area gain is proportional to the degree that a tone becomes behaviorally important. Here, we used extinction to investigate whether 'behavioral importance' specifically reflects a sound's ability to predict reinforcement (reward or punishment) vs. to predict any significant change in the meaning of a sound. If the former, then extinction should reverse area gains as the signal no longer predicts reinforcement. Rats (n = 11) were trained to bar-press to a signal tone (5.0 kHz) for water-rewards, to induce signal-specific area gains in A1. After subsequent withdrawal of reward, A1 was mapped to determine representational areas. Signal-specific area gains, estimated from a previously established brain-behavior quantitative function, were reversed, supporting the 'reinforcement prediction' hypothesis. Area loss was specific to the signal tone vs. test tones, further indicating that withdrawal of reinforcement, rather than unreinforced tone presentation per se, was responsible for area loss. Importantly, the amount of area loss was correlated with the amount of extinction (r = 0.82, P < 0.01). These findings show that primary sensory cortical representation can encode behavioral importance as a signal's value to predict reinforcement, and that the number of cells tuned to a stimulus can dictate its ability to command behavior.
机译：传统上，主要的感觉皮层被认为是刺激分析仪。但是，有关在主听皮层（A1）中由学习引起的可塑性的研究表明，它参与了学习，记忆和其他认知过程。例如，对于更强的听觉记忆，音调的表示区域变大，并且区域增益的大小与音调在行为上变得重要的程度成正比。在这里，我们使用消光法来研究“行为重要性”是否特别反映了声音预测增强（奖励或惩罚）与预测声音含义的任何重大变化的能力。如果是前者，则灭绝应使面积增加反转，因为信号不再预测增强。训练大鼠（n = 11）以压迫信号音（5.0 kHz）进行饮水，以诱导A1中特定于信号的面积增加。随后撤回奖励后，将A1映射以确定代表性区域。由先前建立的大脑行为量化功能估算的信号特定区域增益被逆转，支持“强化预测”假说。面积损失特定于信号音与测试音之间的关系，进一步表明，撤回增强本身而不是未增强的音调表现本身是造成面积损失的原因。重要的是，面积损失量与消光量相关（r = 0.82，P <0.01）。这些发现表明，主要的感觉皮层表征可以将行为重要性编码为预测增强的信号值，并且调整为刺激的细胞数量可以决定其控制行为的能力。

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