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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Plasma membrane and vesicular glutamate transporter mRNAs/proteins in hypothalamic neurons that regulate body weight.
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Plasma membrane and vesicular glutamate transporter mRNAs/proteins in hypothalamic neurons that regulate body weight.

机译：下丘脑神经元中的质膜和囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白mRNA /蛋白，调节体重。

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After synaptic release, glutamate is taken up by the nerve terminal via a plasma membrane-associated protein termed excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3). Following entry into the nerve terminal, glutamate is pumped into synaptic vesicles by a vesicular transport system. Three different vesicular glutamate transporter proteins (VGLUT1-3) representing unique markers for glutamatergic neurons were recently characterized. The presence of EAAT3, glutaminase and VGLUT1-3 was examined in mouse, rat and rabbit species at mRNA and protein levels in hypothalamic neurons which are involved in the regulation of body weight using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. EAAT3 and glutaminase mRNAs were demonstrated in all parts of the arcuate nucleus in the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei and lateral hypothalamic area. VGLUT1 mRNA was present in the magnocellular lateral hypothalamic nucleus. VGLUT2 mRNA was demonstrated in a subpopulation of neurons in the arcuate nucleus and in the ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei and lateral hypothalamic area. Few VGLUT3 mRNA expressing neurons were scattered throughout the medial and lateral hypothalamus. EAAT3-like immunoreactivity (-li) was demonstrated in glutamate, neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide (AGRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), melanin-concentrating hormone and orexin-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons. VGLUT2-li could only be demonstrated in POMC- and CART-ir neurons of the ventrolateral arcuate nucleus. The results show that key neurons involved in regulation of energy balance are glutamatergic and/or densely innervated by glutamatergic nerve terminals. Whereas orexigenic NYP/AGRP neurons situated in the ventromedial part of the arcuate nucleus are mainly GABAergic, it is shown that several anorexigenic POMC/CART neurons of the ventromedial arcuate nucleus are most likely glutamatergic.
机译：突触释放后，谷氨酸通过称为兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白3（EAAT3）的质膜相关蛋白被神经末梢吸收。进入神经末梢后，谷氨酸通过囊泡转运系统泵入突触囊泡。最近表征了代表谷氨酸能神经元的独特标记的三种不同的囊状谷氨酸转运蛋白（VGLUT1-3）。在下丘脑神经元中，通过原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法参与体重调节的下丘脑神经元中，在小鼠，大鼠和兔子中检测了EAAT3，谷氨酰胺酶和VGLUT1-3的存在，并检测了其mRNA和蛋白水平。 EAAT3和谷氨酰胺酶的mRNAs在背侧和腹侧下丘脑核和下丘脑外侧区域的弧形核的所有部分均得到证实。 VGLUT1 mRNA存在于大细胞外侧下丘脑核中。 VGLUT2 mRNA在弓形核以及腹膜和背体下丘脑核以及下丘脑外侧区域的神经元亚群中得到证实。很少有表达VGLUT3 mRNA的神经元分散在整个下丘脑内侧和外侧。 EAAT3样免疫反应性（-li）在谷氨酸，神经肽Y（NPY），刺古相关肽（AGRP），促视神经黑皮质素（POMC），可卡因和苯丙胺调节的转录本（CART），黑色素浓缩激素和orexin中得到证实-免疫反应性（-ir）神经元。 VGLUT2-li只能在腹侧弓状核的POMC-和CART-ir神经元中得到证实。结果表明，参与能量平衡调节的关键神经元是谷氨酸能和/或被谷氨酸能神经末梢密集支配的。弓形核腹侧部分的成因NYP / AGRP神经元主要为GABA能，而腹侧弓形核的几个厌食性POMC / CART神经元最有可能是谷氨酸能的。

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