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首页> 外文期刊>The European physical journal, E. Soft matter >A direct comparison of surface and bulk chain-relaxation in polystyrene
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A direct comparison of surface and bulk chain-relaxation in polystyrene

机译：聚苯乙烯中表面和本体链松弛的直接比较

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摘要

Near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy was used to measure simultaneously the relaxation rates of polystyrene (PS) molecules at the free surface and in the bulk. The samples were uniaxially stretched and annealed at temperatures below the bulk glass transition temperature of PS. The surface and bulk chain relaxation was monitored by measuring the partial-electron and the fluorescence NEXAFS yields, respectively, both parallel and perpendicular to the stretching direction. The decay of the optical birefringence was also measured to provide an independent measure of the bulk relaxation. Relaxation of PS chains was found to occur faster on the surface relative to the bulk. The magnitude of the surface glass transition temperature suppression over the bulk was estimated based on the information on the temperature dependence of the rates.
机译：近边缘X射线吸收精细结构（NEXAFS）光谱用于同时测量自由表面和主体中聚苯乙烯（PS）分子的弛豫率。样品在低于PS的整体玻璃化转变温度的温度下单轴拉伸和退火。通过分别测量平行和垂直于拉伸方向的部分电子和荧光NEXAFS的产量来监测表面和松散链的松弛。还测量了光学双折射的衰减，以提供对体积弛豫的独立测量。发现PS链的松弛相对于主体在表面上发生得更快。基于关于速率的温度依赖性的信息来估计整个表面上的表面玻璃化转变温度抑制的幅度。

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