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首页> 外文期刊>The FEBS journal >Epsilon toxin: a fascinating pore-forming toxin. (Special Issue: Engineering toxins for 21st century therapies.)
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Epsilon toxin: a fascinating pore-forming toxin. (Special Issue: Engineering toxins for 21st century therapies.)

机译：Epsilon毒素：一种迷人的成孔毒素。 （特刊：21世纪疗法的工程毒素。）

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摘要

Epsilon toxin (ETX) is produced by strains of Clostridium perfringens classified as typeB or typeD. ETX belongs to the heptameric beta -pore-forming toxins including aerolysin and Clostridium septicum alpha toxin, which are characterized by the formation of a pore through the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells consisting in a beta -barrel of 14 amphipatic beta strands. By contrast to aerolysin and C. septicum alpha toxin, ETX is a much more potent toxin and is responsible for enterotoxemia in animals, mainly sheep. ETX induces perivascular edema in various tissues and accumulates in particular in the kidneys and brain, where it causes edema and necrotic lesions. ETX is able to pass through the blood-brain barrier and stimulate the release of glutamate, which accounts for the symptoms of nervous excitation observed in animal enterotoxemia. At the cellular level, ETX causes rapid swelling followed by cell death involving necrosis. The precise mode of action of ETX remains to be determined. ETX is a powerful toxin, however, it also represents a unique tool with which to vehicle drugs into the central nervous system or target glutamatergic neurons.
机译：Epsilon毒素（ETX）由分类为B型或D型的产气荚膜梭菌（Clostridium perfringens）菌株产生。 ETX属于七聚体的形成β孔的毒素，包括气溶素和败血梭状芽孢杆菌α毒素，其特征是在真核细胞质膜上形成了一个孔，形成一个14桶的β桶两栖β链。与气溶素和C相反。败血性α毒素，ETX是一种更有效的毒素，可引起动物（主要是绵羊）的肠毒素血症。 ETX在各种组织中引起血管周围水肿，尤其是在肾脏和大脑中积聚，引起水肿和坏死性病变。 ETX能够穿过血脑屏障并刺激谷氨酸的释放，这解释了在动物肠毒素血症中观察到的神经兴奋症状。在细胞水平上，ETX引起快速肿胀，然后伴随坏死的细胞死亡。 ETX的确切作用方式尚待确定。 ETX是一种强大的毒素，但是，它也代表了将药物运入中枢神经系统或靶向谷氨酸能神经元的独特工具。

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