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首页> 外文期刊>The International journal of social psychiatry >Gender differences in the psychological impact of tsunami
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Gender differences in the psychological impact of tsunami

机译：海啸对心理的影响中的性别差异

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Aim: The aim of this observational study was to explore gender-related differences in psychiatric morbidity during the initial three months following the December 2004 earthquake and tsunami involving the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Methods: There were 12,784 survivors sheltered across 74 relief camps with 4,684 displaced survivors in Port Blair and 8,100 non-displaced survivors in Car-Nicobar Island. All persons who accessed mental health assistance within the camps constituted the study sample. Diagnoses were made by qualified psychiatrists using the ICD-10. There were 475 patients: 188 (40%) men and 287 (60%) women. Results: There were significant gender differences in terms of displacement. There were significantly higher levels of panic disorder, unspecified anxiety disorder and somatic complaints in the displaced women while the non-displaced population showed more adjustment disorder. Conclusions: Displacement was a significant factor in the manifestations of observed pathology. Displaced women had greater psychiatric morbidity. In addition, the fact that adjustment disorder (a self-limiting disorder form of psychopathology) was more prevalent in the non-displaced group may be a reflection of the findings of overall lesser morbidity in non-displaced women. Hence, women may have to be rehabilitated in their own habitats after major disasters.
机译：目的：这项观察性研究的目的是探讨在涉及印度安达曼和尼科巴群岛的2004年12月地震和海啸之后的最初三个月中，精神疾病发病率与性别相关的差异。方法：共有74个救援营地中的12784名幸存者被庇护，布莱尔港有4684名流离失所者，卡尼科巴岛上有8100名非流离失所者。所有在营地中获得精神卫生援助的人均构成研究样本。由合格的精神科医生使用ICD-10进行诊断。有475例患者：男性188（40％），女性287（60％）。结果：在流离失所方面存在明显的性别差异。在流离失所的妇女中，恐慌症，未明确的焦虑症和躯体主诉的水平明显较高，而未流离失所的人群则表现出更多的适应障碍。结论：移位是观察到的病理表现的重要因素。流离失所的妇女有较高的精神病发病率。此外，适应性障碍（一种自限性疾病形式的心理病理学）在非流离失所人群中更为普遍，这一事实可能反映了非流离失所女性总体发病率较低的发现。因此，在重大灾难之后，可能必须在自己的栖息地中使妇女恢复正常生活。

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