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首页> 外文期刊>The international journal of developmental biology >Early stages of neural crest ontogeny: formation and regulation of cell delamination
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Early stages of neural crest ontogeny: formation and regulation of cell delamination

机译：神经c个体发育的早期阶段：细胞分层的形成和调控

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Long standing research of the Neural Crest embodies the most fundamental questions of Developmental Biology. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for specification, delamination, migration and phenotypic differentiation of this highly diversifying group of progenitors has been a challenge for many researchers over the years and continues to attract newcomers into the field. Only a few leaps were more significant than the discovery and successful exploitation of the quail-chick model by Nicole Le Douarin and colleagues from the Institute of Embryology at Nogent-sur-Marne. The accurate fate mapping of the neural crest performed at virtually all axial levels was followed by the determination of its developmental potentialities as initially analysed at a population level and then followed by many other significant findings. Altogether, these results paved the way to innumerable questions which brought us from an organismic view to mechanistic approaches. Among them, elucidation of functions played by identified genes is now rapidly underway. Emerging results lead the way back to an integrated understanding of the nature of interactions between the developing neural crest and neighbouring structures. The Nogent Institute thus performed an authentic tour de force in bringing the Neural Crest to the forefront of Developmental Biology. The present review is dedicated to the pivotal contributions of Nicole Le Douarin and her collaborators and to unforgettable memories that one of the authors bears from the time spent in the Nogent Institute. We summarize here recent advances in our understanding of early stages of crest ontogeny that comprise specification of epithelial progenitors to a neural crest fate and the onset of neural crest migration. Particular emphasis is given to signaling by BMP and Writ molecules, to the role of the cell cycle in generating cell movement and to possible interactions between both mechanisms.
机译：长期以来对神经standing的研究体现了发育生物学的最基本问题。多年来，了解这种高度多样化的祖细胞导致规格，分层，迁移和表型分化的机制一直是许多研究人员面临的挑战，并继续吸引新人进入该领域。 Nicole Le Douarin及其来自马恩河畔诺金特胚胎研究所的同事发现并成功开发了鹌鹑鸡模型，只有几处重大的飞跃。在几乎所有轴向水平上对神经c进行准确的命运定位，然后确定其发育潜力，如最初在人群水平上进行分析，然后再进行其他许多重要发现。总而言之，这些结果为无数问题铺平了道路，这些问题使我们从有机观点转向机械方法。其中，对鉴定出的基因发挥的功能的研究目前正在迅速进行。新兴的结果使人们回到了对发育中的神经c与邻近结构之间相互作用本质的综合理解的道路。因此，Nogent研究所在将神经C带到发展生物学的最前沿方面表现出了真实的《环法》。本评论致力于Nicole Le Douarin及其合作者的重要贡献，以及作者之一在Nogent研究所度过的难忘时光。我们在这里总结了我们对牙onto个体发育早期阶段的最新进展，包括对神经c命运的上皮祖细胞的规格以及神经rest迁移的开始。特别强调了BMP和Writ分子的信号传导，细胞周期在产生细胞运动中的作用以及两种机制之间可能的相互作用。

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