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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension >Trade in Educational Services: An Overview of GATS and Policy Implications for Higher Agricultural Education in India
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Trade in Educational Services: An Overview of GATS and Policy Implications for Higher Agricultural Education in India

机译：教育服务贸易：《服务贸易总协定》概述及对印度高等农业教育的政策启示

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Higher education is a service that contributes to national development, integration and regional cohesion. Agricultural education in particular has been viewed in many developing countries as a significant contributor to sustainable development and poverty alleviation. In view of its public mandate, higher education in most countries is regulated by competent bodies. However, higher education is also a service recognized under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It is therefore subject to WTO's essential principles of promoting trade liberalization, market access and equitable treatment to all participants. But very little is known about the consequences of free trade in educational services. Alsoit is difficult to define which educational services are strictly commercial and which are public services. As a result,, application of GATS can lead to disputes, unless the definitions are clear and international standards are in place, as in the caseof other WTO agreements such as TRIPS, SPS and TBT. The present paper assesses the implications of application of the provisions of GATS to higher education in general and agricultural education in particular, with respect to Indian regulatory mechanisms for agricultural education. International scenarios of application of GATS in higher education and relevant policy issues for India as perceived by the faculty members of agricultural universities are discussed. The purpose is to initiate a fruitful debate at various national forums that can inform national policy and take advantage of the opportunities provided under GATS, while ensuring that national interests are kept in perspective.
机译：高等教育是一项有助于国家发展，一体化和区域凝聚力的服务。在许多发展中国家，特别是农业教育被视为促进可持续发展和减轻贫困的重要因素。鉴于其公共任务，大多数国家的高等教育由主管机构监管。但是，高等教育也是世界贸易组织（WTO）的《服务贸易总协定》（GATS）认可的服务。因此，这符合世贸组织关于促进所有参与者贸易自由化，市场准入和公平待遇的基本原则。但是，人们对教育服务自由贸易的后果知之甚少。同样，很难定义哪些教育服务严格是商业服务，哪些是公共服务。结果，除非明确定义和制定国际标准，否则《服贸总协定》的适用可能会引起争端，例如与其他WTO协定（如TRIPS，SPS和TBT）一样。本文评估了将《服贸总协定》的规定适用于普通高等教育，尤其是农业教育的意义，以及印度农业教育的管理机制。讨论了农业大学教师认为的GATS在高等教育中应用的国际情况以及印度的相关政策问题。目的是在各种国家论坛上进行富有成果的辩论，以期为国家政策提供参考并利用《服贸总协定》提供的机会，同时确保尊重国家利益。

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