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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Brefeldin A induces callose formation in onion inner epidermal cells
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Brefeldin A induces callose formation in onion inner epidermal cells

机译：布雷菲德菌素A诱导洋葱内表皮细胞中的call质形成

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The antibiotic fungal toxin brefeldin A (BFA) causes synthesis of additional cell wall material in adult differentiated onion inner epidermal cells at concentrations of 5-30 mu g/ml. This tertiary wall contains callose and is layered on the secondary cellulosic wall in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Initially, callose is found in pit fields in the form of small vesicular patches. With time and dose, depositions grow in size and form large plugs invaginating into the cell, where the adjacent cytoplasm forms bulky accumulations and contains many organelles including endomembranes. Within the cytoplasm, BFA exerts the characteristic morphological effects on the secretory system including changes of the Golgi stacks, formation of large vesicles, and proliferation of dilated cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum. Higher concentrations of BFA (60 mu g/ml) lead to disintegration of the Golgi apparatus; they have no effects on the cell wall, no callose synthesis occurs. We conclude from these observations that BFA has two independent targets in onion cells. BFA acts on the plasma membrane, hence operating as an elicitor of plant defense reactions and thus activates callose synthesis. BFA acts also on the membranes of the secretory system and influences budding and fusion of vesicles at the endoplasmic reticulum and at the dictyosomes. These two mechanisms occur in parallel, suggesting that the secretory system still can play its presumed role in callose synthesis. Only when dictyosomes are completely disintegrated, no more callose is formed. [References: 43]
机译：抗生素真菌毒素布雷菲德菌素A（BFA）在成人分化的洋葱内部表皮细胞中以5-30μg / ml的浓度引起其他细胞壁物质的合成。该第三壁包含call质，并且以时间和剂量依赖的方式分层在第二纤维素壁上。最初，在小坑中以小水泡斑块的形式发现call。随着时间和剂量的增加，沉积物会增大并形成大的塞子侵入细胞，在此处相邻的细胞质会形成大体积的堆积物，并包含许多细胞器，包括内膜。 BFA在细胞质内对分泌系统产生特征性的形态学影响，包括高尔基体堆积的变化，大囊泡的形成以及内质网扩张的水箱的增殖。较高浓度的BFA（60μg / ml）会导致高尔基体分解。它们对细胞壁没有影响，不会发生call合成。从这些观察结果我们可以得出结论，BFA在洋葱细胞中具有两个独立的靶标。 BFA作用于质膜，因此可作为植物防御反应的引发剂，从而激活call质合成。 BFA还作用于分泌系统的膜，并影响内质网和双核小体的囊泡出芽和融合。这两种机制是并行发生的，这表明分泌系统仍可以在call合成中发挥其假定的作用。只有当单核小体完全分解时，才不再形成call。 [参考：43]

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