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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Effects of altered gravity on the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
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Effects of altered gravity on the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

机译：重力改变对人SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞肌动蛋白和微管细胞骨架的影响

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Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were used to study the effects of altered gravity on the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics. A cholinergic stimulation of the cells during it 6 min period of changing gravity (3 parabolas) resulted in an enhanced actin-driven protrusion of evoked lamellipodia. Likewise, the spontaneous protrusive activity of nonactivated cells was promoted during exposure to changing gravity (6 up to 31 parabolas). Ground-based experiments revealed a similar enhancement of the spontaneous and evoked lamellar protrusive activity when the cells were kept at 2 g hypergravity for at least 6 min. This gravity response was independent of the direction of the acceleration vector in respect to the cells. Exposure of the cells to "simulated weightlessness" (clinorotation) had no obvious influence on this type of lamellar actin cytoskeleton dynamics. A 20 min exposure of the cells to simulated weightlessness or to changing gravity (6 to 3 1 parabolas) - but not to 2 g (hypergravity, centrifugation) - resulted in an altered arrangement of microtubules indicated by bending, turning, and loop formation. A similar altered arrangement was shown by microtubules which had polymerized into lamellipodia after release from a taxol block at simulated weightlessness (clinorotation) or during changing gravity (5 parabolas). Our data suggest that in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, microgravity affects the dynamics and spatial arrangement of microtubules but has no influence on the Rac-controlled lamellar actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cell spreading. The latter, however, seems to be promoted at hypergravity.
机译：人类SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞用于研究重力改变对肌动蛋白和微管细胞骨架动力学的影响。在重力变化的6分钟内（3个抛物线）对细胞的胆碱能刺激导致诱发的纤毛膜脂蛋白的肌动蛋白驱动性增强。同样，在暴露于不断变化的重力（6至31个抛物线）的过程中，未激活细胞的自发突出活动得到了促进。地面实验显示，当细胞在2 g超重力下保持至少6分钟时，自发和诱发的层状突出活动的相似增强。该重力响应独立于加速度矢量相对于单元的方向。将细胞暴露于“模拟失重”（倾斜旋转）对这种类型的层状肌动蛋白细胞骨架动力学没有明显影响。将细胞暴露于模拟失重或改变重力（6至3 1个抛物线）-但不暴露至2 g（超重力，离心力）20分钟后，会导致微管排列发生变化，弯曲，转弯和成环表示。微管显示了类似的变化，微管在模拟失重（倾斜旋转）或重力变化（5个抛物线）从紫杉醇块释放后聚合成片状脂蛋白。我们的数据表明，在人类SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞中，微重力会影响微管的动力学和空间排列，但对Rac控制的层状肌动蛋白细胞骨架动力学和细胞扩散没有影响。但是，后者似乎在超重力作用下得到了促进。

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