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首页> 外文期刊>Acta astronautica >Effects of altered gravity on the cell cycle, actin cytoskeleton and proteome in Physarum polycephalum
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Effects of altered gravity on the cell cycle, actin cytoskeleton and proteome in Physarum polycephalum

机译：重力变化对多叶Phys草细胞周期，肌动蛋白细胞骨架和蛋白质组的影响

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Some researchers suggest that the changes of cell cycle under the effect of microgravity may be associated with many seriousadverse physiological changes. In the search for underlying mechanisms and possible new countermeasures, we used the slime mold Physarum polycephalum in which all the nuclei traverse the cell cycle in natural synchrony to study the effects of altered gravity on the cell cycle, actin cytoskeleton and proteome. In parallel, the cell cycle was analyzed in Physarum incubated (1) in altered gravity for 20 h, (2) in altered gravity for 40 h, (3) in altered gravity for 80 h, and (4) in ground controls. The cell cycle, the actin cytoskeleton, and proteome in the altered gravity and ground controls were examined. The results indicated that the duration of the G2 phase was lengthened 20min in high aspect ratio vessel (HARV) for 20 h, and prolonged 2h in altered gravity either for 40 h or for 80 h, whereas the duration of other phases in the cell cycle was unchanged with respect to the control. The microfilaments in G2 phase had a reduced number of fibers and a unique abnormal morphology in altered gravity for 40 h, whereas the microfilaments in other phases of cell cycle were unchanged when compared to controls. Employing classical two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), we examined the effect of the altered gravity on P. polycephalum proteins. The increase in the duration of G2 phase in altered gravity for 40 h was accompanied by changes in the 2-DE protein profiles, over controls. Out of a total of 200 protein spots investigated in G2 phase, which were reproducible in repeated experiments, 72 protein spots were visually identified as specially expressed, and 11 proteins were up-regulated by 2-fold and 28 proteins were down-regulated by 2-fold over controls. Out of a total of three low-expressed proteins in G2 phase in altered gravity for 40 h, two proteins were unknown proteins, and one protein was spherulin 3b by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). Our results suggest that a low level of spherulin 3b in G2 phase, which may lead to a reduction of PoIy(b-L-malate) (PMLA), may contribute to the lengthened duration of G2 phase in altered gravity for 40 h. Present results indicate that altered gravity results in the prolongation of G2 phase with significantly altered actin cytoskeleton and proteome in P. polycephalum.
机译：一些研究人员认为，微重力作用下的细胞周期变化可能与许多严重的不良生理变化有关。在寻找潜在的机制和可能的新对策中，我们使用了粘菌状的Physarum polycephalum，其中所有核都以自然同步方式穿越细胞周期，以研究重力变化对细胞周期，肌动蛋白细胞骨架和蛋白质组的影响。平行地，在Physarum培养的细胞周期中进行分析：（1）改变重力20 h，（2）改变重力40 h，（3）改变重力80 h，和（4）在地面对照中。在改变的重力和地面控制下，检查了细胞周期，肌动蛋白细胞骨架和蛋白质组。结果表明，在高纵横比容器（HARV）中，G2期的持续时间延长了20分钟，而在重力变化中G2期的持续时间延长了4h或80h，而细胞周期中其他阶段的持续时间延长了在控制方面没有变化。 G2期的微丝具有减少的纤维数量，并且重力改变40h具有独特的异常形态，而与对照相比，细胞周期其他阶段的微丝没有变化。采用经典的二维电泳法（2-DE），我们检查了重力改变对多头体育的蛋白质的影响。与对照相比，重力改变40小时后G2相持续时间的增加伴随着2-DE蛋白质谱的变化。在G2期研究的200个蛋白质斑点中，这些蛋白质斑点在重复实验中可再现，其中72个蛋白质斑点被目视鉴定为特异表达，其中11个蛋白质被2倍上调，而28个蛋白质被2倍下调。 -折叠控件。通过MALDI-TOF质谱（MS），在重力变化40 h的G2相中总共3种低表达蛋白中，有2种蛋白是未知蛋白，而一种蛋白是球蛋白3b。我们的研究结果表明，G2相中较低的球蛋白3b含量可能会导致PoIy（b-L-苹果酸）（PMLA）降低，这可能会延长重力作用下40 h时G2相的持续时间。目前的结果表明，重力的改变导致G2期的延长，而多头体育中的肌动蛋白细胞骨架和蛋白质组也发生了明显改变。

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