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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >DROUGHT-INDUCED STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS AT THE MYCOBIONT PHOTOBIONT INTERFACE IN A RANGE OF FOLIOSE MACROLICHENS
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DROUGHT-INDUCED STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS AT THE MYCOBIONT PHOTOBIONT INTERFACE IN A RANGE OF FOLIOSE MACROLICHENS

机译：叶绿素类化合物在菌丝的光致生物界面上的干旱诱导结构变化

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摘要

Cryotechniques, such as low temperature scanning electron microscopy (LTSEM) and freeze-substitution for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were applied to two cyanobacterial and three green algal macrolichens in order to locate free water and to visualize drought-induced structural alterations at the mycobiont-photobiont interface. The following species were examined: Peltigera canina/Nostoc punctiforme, Sticta sylvatica/Nostoc sp. (both Peltigerales), Parmelia sulcata/Trebouxia impressa, Hypogymnia physodes/Trebouxia sp. (both Lecanorales), and Xanthoria parietina/Trebouxia arboricola (Teloschistales). In all species free water was confined to the symplast and the apoplast. No intercellular water reservoirs were found in the gas-filled thallus interior. Thalline fluctuations in water content reflect fluctuations in apoplastic and symplastic water. All the taxonomically diverse lichen photobionts have access to water and dissolved nutrients via the fungal apoplast only. Drought stress (i.e., water content 20%/dw and below) caused dramatic shrinkage and deformation in all cell types. At any level of hydration the fungal and algal protoplast maintained close contact with the cell wall. This applied to the cyanobacterial photobionts and their murein sacculus and gelatinous sheath too. Although the cytoplasm of both partners was strongly condensed in desiccated lichens the cellular membrane systems, usually negatively contrasted, were very well preserved. The significance of these data is discussed with regard to the functioning of the symbiotic relationship. [References: 47]
机译：低温技术，如低温扫描电子显微镜（LTSEM）和冷冻替代透射电子显微镜（TEM），被应用于两个蓝细菌和三个绿色藻类大地衣，以定位自由水并观察干旱引起的结构变化。真菌生物素-光生物素界面。检查了以下种类：百日草/点状诺氏菌，西氏针叶虫/ Nostoc sp。 （均为Peltigerales），Sulcata sulcata / Trebouxia impressa，低氧症植物（Phytigmnia physodes）/ Trebouxia sp。 （两者都是Lecanorales）和Xanthoria parietina / Trebouxia arboricola（Teloschistales）。在所有物种中，游离水都局限于共生体和质外体。在充满气体的塔利内部没有发现细胞间水库。海水中的Thalline波动反映了质外和共生水中的波动。所有在分类学上各不相同的地衣型光生生物只能通过真菌的质外体获取水和溶解的营养素。干旱胁迫（即水含量为20％/ dw及以下）导致所有细胞类型急剧收缩和变形。在任何水合水平下，真菌和藻类原生质体均与细胞壁保持紧密接触。这也适用于蓝细菌光生生物及其粘膜囊和胶质鞘。尽管双方伴侣的细胞质在干燥的地衣中强烈凝结，但通常保持负比对的细胞膜系统却保存得很好。这些数据的意义就共生关系的功能进行了讨论。 [参考：47]

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