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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >A cold-tolerant evergreen interspecific hybrid of Ocimum kilimandscharicum and Ocimum basilicum: analyzing trichomes and molecular variations
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A cold-tolerant evergreen interspecific hybrid of Ocimum kilimandscharicum and Ocimum basilicum: analyzing trichomes and molecular variations

机译：耐寒常绿种Ocimum kilimandscharicum和Ocimum basilicum杂种：分析毛状体和分子变异

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摘要

Ocimum (Lamiaceae) is an important source of essential oils and aroma chemicals especially eugenol, methyl eugenol, linalool, methyl chavicol etc. An elite evergreen hybrid has been developed from Ocimum kilimandscharicum and Ocimum basilicum, which demonstrated adaptive behavior towards cold stress. A comparative molecular analysis has been done through RAPD, AFLP, and ISSR among O. basilicum and O. kilimandscharicum and their evergreen cold-tolerant hybrid. The RAPD and AFLP analyses demonstrated similar results, i.e., the hybrid of O. basilicum and O. kilimandscharicum shares the same cluster with O. kilimandscharicum, while O. basilicum behaves as an outgroup, whereas in ISSR analysis, the hybrid genotype grouped in the same cluster with O. basilicum. Ocimum genotypes were analyzed and compared for their trichome density. There were distinct differences on morphology, distribution, and structure between the two kinds of trichomes, i.e., glandular and non-glandular. Glandular trichomes contain essential oils, polyphenols, flavonoids, and acid polysaccharides. Hair-like trichomes, i.e., non-glandular trichomes, help in keeping the frost away from the living surface cells. O. basilicum showed less number of non-glandular trichomes on leaves compared to O. kilimandscharicum and the evergreen cold-tolerant hybrid. Trichomes were analyzed in O. kilimandscharicum, O. basilicum, and their hybrid. An increased proline content at the biochemical level represents a higher potential to survive in a stress condition like cold stress. In our analysis, the proline content is quite higher in tolerant variety O. kilimandscharicum, low in susceptible variety O. basilicum, and intermediate in the hybrid. Gene expression analysis was done in O. basilicum, O. kilimandscharicum and their hybrid for TTG1, GTL1, and STICHEL gene locus which regulates trichome development and its formation and transcription factors WRKY and MPS involved in the regulation of plant responses to freezing and cold. The analysis showed that O. kilimandscharicum and the hybrid were very close to each other but O. basilicum was more distinct in all respects. The overexpression of the WRKY coding gene showed high expression in the hybrid as compared to O. kilimandscharicum and O. basilicum and the transcription factor microspore-specific (MPS) promoter has also shown overexpression in the hybrid for its response against cold stress. The developed evergreen interspecific hybrid may thus provide a base to various industries which are dependent upon the bioactive constituents of Ocimum species.
机译：Ocimum（唇形科）是重要的香精油和香气化学品的来源，尤其是丁子香酚，甲基丁子香酚，芳樟醇，甲基查韦醇等。从kilimandscharicum和Ocimum basilicum开发了一种优良的常绿杂种，其表现出对冷胁迫的适应性行为。通过RAPD，AFLP和ISSR在O. basilicum和O. kilimandscharicum及其常绿耐寒杂种中进行了比较分子分析。 RAPD和AFLP分析显示出相似的结果，即O. basilicum和O. kilimandscharicum的杂种与O. kilimandscharicum具有相同的簇，而O. basilicum则表现为外群，而在ISSR分析中，杂种基因型被归类为与O. basilicum相同。分析并比较了刺槐的基因型的毛密度。两种毛状体（腺体和非腺体）在形态，分布和结构上都有明显的差异。腺毛含有精油，多酚，类黄酮和酸性多糖。毛状毛状体，即非腺毛状体，有助于使霜远离活体表面细胞。与O. kilimandscharicum和常绿的耐寒杂种相比，O。basilicum的叶片上的非腺毛数量较少。在O. kilimandscharicum，O。basilicum及其杂种中分析了滴虫。在生化水平上脯氨酸含量的增加表示在诸如冷胁迫的胁迫条件下生存的更高潜力。在我们的分析中，脯氨酸含量在耐性O. kilimandscharicum品种中较高，在易感性O. basilicum中较低，在杂种中处于中间水平。在O.basilicum，O.kilimandscharicum及其杂种中对TTG1，GTL1和STICHEL基因位点进行基因表达分析，该基因位点调节毛状体的发育及其形成和转录因子WRKY和MPS，参与调节植物对冷冻和寒冷的反应。分析表明，O。kilimandscharicum和杂种彼此非常接近，但是Basilicum在各个方面都更加不同。与kilimandscharicum和O.basicum相比，WRKY编码基因的过表达在杂种中高表达，转录因子小孢子特异性（MPS）启动子在杂种中也表现出过表达，以应对冷胁迫。因此，发达的常绿种间杂种可以为依赖于罗汉松属物种生物活性成分的各种工业提供基础。

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