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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Callose deposition and breakdown, followed by phytomelan synthesis in the seed coat of Gasteria verrucosa (Mill.) H. Duval
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Callose deposition and breakdown, followed by phytomelan synthesis in the seed coat of Gasteria verrucosa (Mill.) H. Duval

机译：愈伤组织的沉积和分解，然后在藜麦（密苏里州）杜瓦尔的种皮中合成植物素

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摘要

In the seed coat of Gasteria verrucosa the deposition of phytomelan takes place during seed development in three stages. Phytomelan is a black cell wall material which is chemically very inert. First the radial walls and part of the transverse cell wall of the outer epidermis of the outer integument become thickened by exocytosis of dictyosome vesicles. Callose is deposited at the tangential plasma membrane against those walls. After the callose deposition about two thirds of the original cell volume is filled with callose. During the second stage the callose is broken down, probably into glucose monomers or small polymers. At the same time cellulose is deposited at the outer tangential plasma membrane, forming a wall between the dissolving callose and the plasma membrane. In the third phase small granules appear in the solution of dissolved callose, which grow out and finally fuse to form a block of phytomelan, consisting of spherical 15-nm units. Remarkable is the function of the callose: it determines the size of the phytomelan block, and it probably functions as carbohydrate source for the phytomelan synthesis and/or for the cellulose inner layer. In this study transmission electron microscopy and cryo scanning electron microscopy are used to study the three developmental stages of the formation of the phytomelan layer. [References: 14]
机译：在疣状胃（Gasteria verrucosa）的种皮中，phytomelan的沉积发生在种子发育的三个阶段。破火山菌素是黑色细胞壁材料，化学上非常惰性。首先，通过单核小泡囊泡的胞吐作用，使外珠被的外表皮的径向壁和部分横向细胞壁变厚。 ose质在切向质膜上靠着这些壁沉积。愈伤组织沉积后，原始细胞体积的约三分之二充满了愈伤组织。在第二阶段，the质被分解，可能分解为葡萄糖单体或小的聚合物。同时，纤维素沉积在外切线质膜上，在可溶call质和质膜之间形成壁。在第三阶段中，溶解的dissolved质溶液中会出现小颗粒，这些颗粒长出来并最终融合形成一块phytomelan嵌段，由球形15 nm单元组成。 ose质的功能是非常明显的：它决定了phytomelan嵌段的大小，并且它可能充当phytomelan合成和/或纤维素内层的碳水化合物来源。在这项研究中，透射电子显微镜和低温扫描电子显微镜被用于研究植物红素层形成的三个发展阶段。 [参考：14]

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