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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Antibiotics: An International Journal >In vitro antibacterial and hemolytic activities of crotamine, a small basic myotoxin from rattlesnake Crotalus durissus.
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In vitro antibacterial and hemolytic activities of crotamine, a small basic myotoxin from rattlesnake Crotalus durissus.

机译：响尾蛇响尾蛇的一种基本碱性肌毒素-巴豆胺的体外抗菌和溶血活性。

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摘要

Crotamine, a myotoxin from the venom of South American rattlesnake, is structurally related to beta-defensins, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) found in vertebrate animals. Here, we tested the antibacterial properties of crotamine and found that it killed several strains of Escherichia coli, with the MICs ranging from 25 to 100 mug ml(1). Time-kill and bacterial membrane permeabilization assays revealed that killing of bacteria by crotamine occurred within 1 h and reached the maximum by 2 h. Additionally, the anti-E. coli activity of crotamine was completely abolished with 12.5 mM NaCl. Furthermore, the three intramolecular disulfide bonds of crotamine appeared dispensable for its antibacterial activity. The reduced form of crotamine was active against E. coli as well. However, crotamine showed no or weak activity up to 200 mug ml(1) against other species of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Crotamine showed no appreciable hemolytic activity to erythrocytes. Our studies revealed that crotamine is also an AMP that kills bacteria through membrane permeabilization. However, crotamine appears to have a narrow antibacterial spectrum, distinct from many classical beta-defensins, reinforcing the notion that crotamine originated from the beta-defensin gene lineage, but has undergone significant functional diversification.
机译：巴豆胺是一种来自南美响尾蛇毒液的肌毒素，在结构上与在脊椎动物中发现的β-防御素（抗菌肽）相关。在这里，我们测试了巴豆胺的抗菌特性，发现其杀死了几株大肠埃希氏菌，其MIC范围为25至100毫升/毫升（1）。时间杀灭和细菌膜通透性测定表明，巴豆胺杀死细菌的时间为1小时，到2小时达到最大。此外，抗E。 12.5 mM NaCl完全消除了巴豆胺的大肠杆菌活性。此外，巴豆胺的三个分子内二硫键似乎对于其抗菌活性是可有可无的。还原形式的巴豆胺也对大肠杆菌具有活性。但是，在对其他革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌而言，高达200毫升/ ml（1）的巴豆胺都没有表现出弱活性。巴豆胺对红细胞没有明显的溶血活性。我们的研究表明，巴豆胺还是一种通过膜通透性杀死细菌的AMP。然而，巴豆胺似乎具有狭窄的抗菌谱，这与许多经典的β-防御素不同，这强化了巴豆胺起源于β-防御素基因谱系的观念，但已经发生了显着的功能多样化。

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