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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >The alpha-latrotoxin mutant LTXN4C enhances spontaneous and evoked transmitter release in CA3 pyramidal neurons.
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The alpha-latrotoxin mutant LTXN4C enhances spontaneous and evoked transmitter release in CA3 pyramidal neurons.

机译:α-latotoxin突变体LTXN4C增强了CA3锥体神经元的自发和诱发的递质释放。

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摘要

Alpha-latrotoxin (LTX) stimulates vesicular exocytosis by at least two mechanisms that include (1) receptor binding-stimulation and (2) membrane pore formation. Here, we use the toxin mutant LTX(N4C) to selectively study the receptor-mediated actions of LTX. LTX(N4C) binds to both LTX receptors (latrophilin and neurexin) and greatly enhances the frequency of spontaneous and miniature EPSCs recorded from CA3 pyramidal neurons in hippocampal slice cultures. The effect of LTX(N4C) is reversible and is not attenuated by La3+ that is known to block LTX pores. On the other hand, LTX(N4C) action, which requires extracellular Ca2+, is inhibited by thapsigargin, a drug depleting intracellular Ca2+ stores, by 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, a blocker of inositol(1,4,5)-trisphosphate-induced Ca2+ release, and by U73122, a phospholipase C inhibitor. Furthermore, measurements using a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator directly demonstrate that LTX(N4C) increases presynaptic, but not dendritic, free Ca2+ concentration; this Ca2+ rise is blocked by thapsigargin, suggesting, together with electrophysiological data, that the receptor-mediated action of LTX(N4C) involves mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Finally, in contrast to wild-type LTX, which inhibits evoked synaptic transmission probably attributable to pore formation, LTX(N4C) actually potentiates synaptic currents elicited by electrical stimulation of afferent fibers. We suggest that the mutant LTX(N4C), lacking the ionophore-like activity of wild-type LTX, activates a presynaptic receptor and stimulates Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, leading to the enhancement of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
机译:α-拉毒素(LTX)通过至少两种机制刺激囊泡胞吐作用,包括(1)受体结合刺激和(2)膜孔形成。在这里,我们使用毒素突变体LTX(N4C)选择性研究LTX的受体介导的作用。 LTX(N4C)与两个LTX受体(亲脂蛋白和神经毒素)结合,并大大增强了海马切片培养物中从CA3锥体神经元记录的自发和微型EPSC的频率。 LTX(N4C)的作用是可逆的,并且不会被已知会阻塞LTX孔的La3 +减弱。另一方面,需要细胞外Ca2 +的LTX(N4C)作用被thapsigargin(一种消耗细胞内Ca2 +的药物)抑制的2-氨基乙氧基二苯硼酸盐(肌醇(1,4,5)-三磷酸诱导的Ca2 +的阻滞剂)抑制了该作用。释放,然后由U73122释放磷脂酶C抑制剂。此外,使用荧光Ca2 +指示剂进行的测量直接证明LTX(N4C)可增加突触前游离Ca2 +浓度,而不增加树突状游离Ca2 +浓度。毒胡萝卜素可阻止这种Ca2 +的升高,并与电生理数据一起表明LTX(N4C)的受体介导的作用涉及细胞内存储中Ca2 +的动员。最后,与野生型LTX相比,后者抑制可能引起孔形成的突触传递,而LTX(N4C)实际上增强了传入纤维的电刺激引起的突触电流。我们建议突变体LTX(N4C),缺乏野生型LTX的离子载体样活性,激活突触前受体并刺激Ca2 +从细胞内存储释放,从而导致突触小泡胞吐作用增强。

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