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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >Development of the pattern of photoreceptors in the chick retina.
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Development of the pattern of photoreceptors in the chick retina.

机译：雏鸡视网膜中感光体模式的发展。

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The various classes of photoreceptor cells found in vertebrate retinae are organized in specific patterns, which are important for visual function. It is not known how these patterns are achieved during development. The chick retina provides an excellent model system in which to investigate this issue, containing cone opsins red, green, blue, and violet, as well as the rod-specific opsin rhodopsin. In this study, whole-mount in situ hybridization has revealed striking differences among opsins in both spatial and temporal aspects of expression. The long-wavelength cone opsins, red and green, were first detected in a small spot within the area centralis at embryonic day 14 (E14). In contrast, the short-wavelength cone opsins, blue and violet, were not detected until 2 d later and showed domains of expression both within the area centralis and in temporal retina. The first rhodopsin transcripts were seen at E15 in inferior retina. When opsin expression was first detected, there were differences in the localization of RNA within the inner segment of cone photoreceptors, suggesting that morphological differentiation preceded the expression of photopigment molecules. Marked differences in the distribution of rods and cones were also found. Within the area centralis, a circular rod-free zone bisected by a narrow rod-sparse region along the nasal-temporal axis was evident as soon as rhodopsin RNA could be detected. Such specialized regions appear to be set aside soon after photoreceptor cells become postmitotic, as evidenced by a spatially restricted pattern of visinin RNA observed at E7. The onset of particular opsins in restricted regions of the retina suggest an underlying pattern related to visual function in the chick.
机译：脊椎动物视网膜中发现的各种感光细胞以特定模式组织，这对视觉功能很重要。尚不清楚在开发过程中如何实现这些模式。雏鸡视网膜提供了一个出色的模型系统来研究此问题，其中包括圆锥视蛋白红色，绿色，蓝色和紫色，以及视杆特异性视蛋白视紫红质。在这项研究中，整个原位杂交揭示了视蛋白之间表达的时空方面的显着差异。在胚胎第14天（E14），首先在中央区域的一个小斑点中检测到长波长的视锥蛋白，红色和绿色。相反，直到2 d后才检测到短波长视锥蛋白蓝色和紫色，它们在中央区域和颞视网膜中均显示出表达域。在视网膜下端的E15处见到了第一批视紫红质转录物。首次检测到视蛋白表达时，视锥细胞感光细胞内部片段中RNA的定位存在差异，这表明形态分化先于光色素分子的表达。还发现杆和锥的分布存在明显差异。在中央区域内，只要可以检测到视紫红质RNA，就可以明显地看到一个无杆的圆形区域，该区域被沿着鼻-颞轴的狭窄的杆稀疏区域一分为二。这种特异性区域似乎在感光细胞发生有丝分裂后不久就被搁置了，这是在E7观察到的visinin RNA的空间受限模式所证明的。特定视蛋白在视网膜受限区域的发作表明与雏鸡视觉功能有关的潜在模式。

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